zdvdyÜdMo0g'pmapmif ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pmapmif
zdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;ESifh aumavmoJ,kHMunfolrsm;xHokdYzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;ESifh aumavmoJ,kHMunfolrsm;xHokdY
zdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;ESifh aumavmoJ,kHMunfolrsm;xHokdYzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;ESifh aumavmoJ,kHMunfolrsm;xHokdY
zdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;ESifh aumavmoJ,kHMunfolrsm;xHokdY
a&;om;ay;ykdYcJhaom &Sifaygvk\pmapmifrsm;ukda&;om;ay;ykdYcJhaom &Sifaygvk\pmapmifrsm;ukd
a&;om;ay;ykdYcJhaom &Sifaygvk\pmapmifrsm;ukda&;om;ay;ykdYcJhaom &Sifaygvk\pmapmifrsm;ukd
a&;om;ay;ykdYcJhaom &Sifaygvk\pmapmifrsm;ukd
qifjcifESvHk;oGif;avhvmjcif;qifjcifESvHk;oGif;avhvmjcif;
qifjcifESvHk;oGif;avhvmjcif;qifjcifESvHk;oGif;avhvmjcif;
qifjcifESvHk;oGif;avhvmjcif;
tuf(zf)? 0def;rufvD,kd'fhtuf(zf)? 0def;rufvD,kd'fh
tuf(zf)? 0def;rufvD,kd'fhtuf(zf)? 0def;rufvD,kd'fh
tuf(zf)? 0def;rufvD,kd'fh
LIGHT TO MY PATH BOOK DISTRIBUTION
SYDNEY MINES, NOVA SCOTIA, CANADA
rmwdum
pum;csD .........................................1
zdvdyÜdMo0g'pmapmifudked'gef;ysKd;jcif; .........................5
1/ oifhwkdYukdaxmuf½Ií bk&m;ocifaus;Zl;awmfukdcsD;rGrf;\ .......9
2/ tqkd;rStaumif;okdY ............................21
3/ touf&Sifonfjzpfap? aoonfjzpfap ................31
4/ tvm;wlaomxdkpdwfoabmudk ....................45
5/ jrnfwrf;jcif;r&SyJ .............................59
6/ wdarmaoESif{yajzm'dwf ........................69
7/ Zmwdüudk;pm;jcif;r&SdyJ ...........................79
8/ tm;oGefcGefpdkufajy;í ...........................91
9/ vuf0g;uyfwdkif\&efolrsm; ......................105
10/ NrJjrHpGmwnfaeMuavmh .........................115
11/ cyfodrf;aomtrIwdkYüa&mifh&JMuavmh ................131
aumavmoJMo0g'pmapmifudked'gefysKd;jcif; ..................143
12/ aumavmoJwdkY\,HkMunfjcif;ESifhcspfjcif; ...............147
13/ olonf ..................................161
14/ pHkvifjcif;odkYa&mufíqufotHhaomiSm ...............175
15/ em;vnfEkdifaomjynfhpHkonfhOmPf\pnf;pdrftaygif; .......191
zdvdyÜdMo0g'pmapmif ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pmapmif
zdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;ESifh aumavmoJ,kHMunfolrsm;xHokdYzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;ESifh aumavmoJ,kHMunfolrsm;xHokdY
zdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;ESifh aumavmoJ,kHMunfolrsm;xHokdYzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;ESifh aumavmoJ,kHMunfolrsm;xHokdY
zdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;ESifh aumavmoJ,kHMunfolrsm;xHokdY
a&;om;ay;ykdYcJhaom &Sifaygvk\pmapmifrsm;ukda&;om;ay;ykdYcJhaom &Sifaygvk\pmapmifrsm;ukd
a&;om;ay;ykdYcJhaom &Sifaygvk\pmapmifrsm;ukda&;om;ay;ykdYcJhaom &Sifaygvk\pmapmifrsm;ukd
a&;om;ay;ykdYcJhaom &Sifaygvk\pmapmifrsm;ukd
qifjcifESvHk;oGif;avhvmjcif;qifjcifESvHk;oGif;avhvmjcif;
qifjcifESvHk;oGif;avhvmjcif;qifjcifESvHk;oGif;avhvmjcif;
qifjcifESvHk;oGif;avhvmjcif;
tuf(zf)? 0def;rufvD,kd'fhtuf(zf)? 0def;rufvD,kd'fh
tuf(zf)? 0def;rufvD,kd'fhtuf(zf)? 0def;rufvD,kd'fh
tuf(zf)? 0def;rufvD,kd'fh
LIGHT TO MY PATH BOOK DISTRIBUTION
SYDNEY MINES, NOVA SCOTIA, CANADA
rmwdum
pum;csD .........................................1
zdvdyÜdMo0g'pmapmifudked'gef;ysKd;jcif; .........................5
1/ oifhwkdYukdaxmuf½Ií bk&m;ocifaus;Zl;awmfukdcsD;rGrf;\ .......9
2/ tqkd;rStaumif;okdY ............................21
3/ touf&Sifonfjzpfap? aoonfjzpfap ................31
4/ tvm;wlaomxdkpdwfoabmudk ....................45
5/ jrnfwrf;jcif;r&SyJ .............................59
6/ wdarmaoESif{yajzm'dwf ........................69
7/ Zmwdüudk;pm;jcif;r&SdyJ ...........................79
8/ tm;oGefcGefpdkufajy;í ...........................91
9/ vuf0g;uyfwdkif\&efolrsm; ......................105
10/ NrJjrHpGmwnfaeMuavmh .........................115
11/ cyfodrf;aomtrIwdkYüa&mifh&JMuavmh ................131
aumavmoJMo0g'pmapmifudked'gefysKd;jcif; ..................143
12/ aumavmoJwdkY\,HkMunfjcif;ESifhcspfjcif; ...............147
13/ olonf ..................................161
14/ pHkvifjcif;odkYa&mufíqufotHhaomiSm ...............175
15/ em;vnfEkdifaomjynfhpHkonfhOmPf\pnf;pdrftaygif; .......191
pum;csD
__________________________________________________________
zdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;xHokdY a&;om;ay;ykdYvkdufaompmapmifwGif
&Sifaygvkuocifa,½Iukd ESdrfhcsjcif;ESifhonf;cHjcif;\ykHOyrmtjzpf wifjyxm;
onf/ &Sifaygvku zdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;tm; ocifa,½IukdrdrdwkdY\ykHOyrm
tjzpf&,lMu&efpdefac:wkdufwGef;cJhonf/ rdrdukd,fwkdifutusOf;pHae&aomf
vnf;&Sifaygvkonf zdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;ukd ocifbk&m;tm;oduRrf;jcif;rS
a&muf&Sdvmonfh 0rf;ajrmufjcif;ü&SifoefMu&efcGeftm;ay;xm;cJhonf/ bk&m;
ocifonfolwkdY&ifqkdifae&aom ppfaMumjcif;ESifhqif;&Jjcif;'ku©tm;vkH;wkdY\
txufwGif&SdaeaMumif;ukdvnf; today;cJhonf/ ocifbk&m;onf toif;
awmftwGuf BuD;rm;aomaumif;jrwfjcif;rsm;ukd txajrmufjynfhpkHvm&ef
rdrd\ qif;&Jjcif;'ku©rsm;ukdrnfokdYtokH;jyKcJhaMumif;ukdvnf; olwkdYtm;ajymjy
xm;onf/ þpmapmifwGif wrefawmfBuD;onf qif;&Jjcif;'ku©ukd&ifqkdifjzwf
oef;aeMuaomolrsm;tm;vdyfrlajymqkdxm;onf/ wrefawmfBuD;u4if;wkdY
tm; rdrdwkdY\acgif;udkarmhí ocifa,½ItaMumif;ukd0rf;omtm;&pGmjzifh
qifjcifESvkH;oGif;Mu&efpdefac:xm;onf/
16/ ocifc&pfawmfESifh vlom;xHk"Henf;Oya'orsm; ..........203
17/ qdk;,kwfaomZmwdudktaoowfjcif; ................219
18/ udk,fcE¨mawmfü&Sifoefjcif; .......................229
19/ udk,fcE¨mawmfüqufqH&if;ESD;rIYrsm; ..................241
20/ qkawmif;jcif;? OmPfynmESifh aus;Zl;awmf .............251
21/ aemufqHk;EIwfcGef;qufjcif; .......................167
pum;csD
__________________________________________________________
zdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;xHokdY a&;om;ay;ykdYvkdufaompmapmifwGif
&Sifaygvkuocifa,½Iukd ESdrfhcsjcif;ESifhonf;cHjcif;\ykHOyrmtjzpf wifjyxm;
onf/ &Sifaygvku zdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;tm; ocifa,½IukdrdrdwkdY\ykHOyrm
tjzpf&,lMu&efpdefac:wkdufwGef;cJhonf/ rdrdukd,fwkdifutusOf;pHae&aomf
vnf;&Sifaygvkonf zdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;ukd ocifbk&m;tm;oduRrf;jcif;rS
a&muf&Sdvmonfh 0rf;ajrmufjcif;ü&SifoefMu&efcGeftm;ay;xm;cJhonf/ bk&m;
ocifonfolwkdY&ifqkdifae&aom ppfaMumjcif;ESifhqif;&Jjcif;'ku©tm;vkH;wkdY\
txufwGif&SdaeaMumif;ukdvnf; today;cJhonf/ ocifbk&m;onf toif;
awmftwGuf BuD;rm;aomaumif;jrwfjcif;rsm;ukd txajrmufjynfhpkHvm&ef
rdrd\ qif;&Jjcif;'ku©rsm;ukdrnfokdYtokH;jyKcJhaMumif;ukdvnf; olwkdYtm;ajymjy
xm;onf/ þpmapmifwGif wrefawmfBuD;onf qif;&Jjcif;'ku©ukd&ifqkdifjzwf
oef;aeMuaomolrsm;tm;vdyfrlajymqkdxm;onf/ wrefawmfBuD;u4if;wkdY
tm; rdrdwkdY\acgif;udkarmhí ocifa,½ItaMumif;ukd0rf;omtm;&pGmjzifh
qifjcifESvkH;oGif;Mu&efpdefac:xm;onf/
16/ ocifc&pfawmfESifh vlom;xHk"Henf;Oya'orsm; ..........203
17/ qdk;,kwfaomZmwdudktaoowfjcif; ................219
18/ udk,fcE¨mawmfü&Sifoefjcif; .......................229
19/ udk,fcE¨mawmfüqufqH&if;ESD;rIYrsm; ..................241
20/ qkawmif;jcif;? OmPfynmESifh aus;Zl;awmf .............251
21/ aemufqHk;EIwfcGef;qufjcif; .......................167
aumavmoJMo0g'pmapmifwGif &Sifaygvkonfocifc&pfawmfukd
t"dutaMumif;t&mwpfcktjzpfwifjyxm;onf/ &Sifaygvkonfþpmapmif
wGifu,fwifjcif;wGufynwfw&m;apmifhxdef;jcif;vnf; vkdtyfonf[laom
t,l0g'(Legalism)taMumif;ukd wkduf½kdufajymqkda0zefxm;onf/ &Sifaygvk
onfxkdacwfumv&Sd rSm;,Gif;aomt&mrsm;ukd xdyfwkduf&ifqkdifa0zefcJhNyD;
aumavmoJ,kHMunfolrsm;tm; ocifa,½IESifhocifa,½IvkyfaqmifcJhaom
trIonf 4if;wkdY\u,fwifjcif;twGuf vkHavmufjynfhpkHaMumif;ñTefjycJhonf/
ocifc&pfawmfESifhocifc&pfawmf vkyfaqmifcJhaomtrIwpfckwnf;omvQif
u,fwifjcif;vrf;jzpfaMumif;ukdoufaojycJhonf/ xdkYaemuf aumavmoJ
,HkMunfolwdkYtm; ynwfw&m;rsm;rS uif;vGwfvQuf&SifoefMu&ef pdefac:cJh
onf/ &Sifaygvkurdrd\pmapmifudk udk,fcE¨mawmfütcsif;csif;qufqHESD;EG,f
jcif;ESihf pyfvsOf;aomtMuHjyKcsuftcsdKUudkay;í ,HkMunfolwkdif;udkvnf;
&ihfusufjcif;udk rrSdwfrokefqufíBudK;pm;vkyfaqmifMu&ef wdkufwGef;cGeftm;
ay;&if; ed*Hk;csKyfxm;onf/
bk&m;ocifonf þpmtkyfudkaumif;BuD;ay;í zwf½IaomolwdkYtm;
cGeftm;ay;&eftoHk;jyKrnf[k uREfkyf,HkMunfygonf/ oihfvufxJwGifor®m
usrf;pmudk zGihfvSefxm;vQuf þpmtkyfudkzwf½Iyg/ þpmtkyfonf or®m
usrf;pmudktpm;xdk;Ekdifonfht&mr[kwfyg/ þpmtkyf\&nf&G,fcsufrSm zdvdyÜd
Mo0g'pmapmifESihf aumavmoJMo0g'pmapmifrsm;udk &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;od&Sd
vmí vufawGUtoHk;csEkdif&efjzpfonf/ þpmtkyfonf oihftm;ocif
udk,fawmftyg;odkYtenf;i,feD;uyfoGm;apvQifyif uREfkyfonf þpmtkyf
a&;om;&jcif;udkatmifjrifonf[krSwf,loGm;ygrnf/ bk&m;ocifESihf oifh&JU
qufqH&if;ESD;rIwGif oihftm;aphaqmfwdkufwGef;ay;&ef bk&m;ocifonf þ
pmtkyfudktoHk;jyKygap/ þqifjcifESvHk;oGif;jcif; #Dumusrf;av;tm;jzihf
&Sifaygvkonf oihftm;wpfzefpum;ajymapyg/ bk&m;ocif\0dnmOfawmf
onf þpmtkyftm;zwf½Iaomolta,mufwkdif;udk wefcdk;? tpGrf;tprsm;
ay;ícGeftm;opfrsm;oGef;avmif;ygapaomf/
tuf(zf)? 0def; rufvD,dk'hftuf(zf)? 0def; rufvD,dk'hf
tuf(zf)? 0def; rufvD,dk'hftuf(zf)? 0def; rufvD,dk'hf
tuf(zf)? 0def; rufvD,dk'hf
2 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm pum;csD 3
aumavmoJMo0g'pmapmifwGif &Sifaygvkonfocifc&pfawmfukd
t"dutaMumif;t&mwpfcktjzpfwifjyxm;onf/ &Sifaygvkonfþpmapmif
wGifu,fwifjcif;wGufynwfw&m;apmifhxdef;jcif;vnf; vkdtyfonf[laom
t,l0g'(Legalism)taMumif;ukd wkduf½kdufajymqkda0zefxm;onf/ &Sifaygvk
onfxkdacwfumv&Sd rSm;,Gif;aomt&mrsm;ukd xdyfwkduf&ifqkdifa0zefcJhNyD;
aumavmoJ,kHMunfolrsm;tm; ocifa,½IESifhocifa,½IvkyfaqmifcJhaom
trIonf 4if;wkdY\u,fwifjcif;twGuf vkHavmufjynfhpkHaMumif;ñTefjycJhonf/
ocifc&pfawmfESifhocifc&pfawmf vkyfaqmifcJhaomtrIwpfckwnf;omvQif
u,fwifjcif;vrf;jzpfaMumif;ukdoufaojycJhonf/ xdkYaemuf aumavmoJ
,HkMunfolwdkYtm; ynwfw&m;rsm;rS uif;vGwfvQuf&SifoefMu&ef pdefac:cJh
onf/ &Sifaygvkurdrd\pmapmifudk udk,fcE¨mawmfütcsif;csif;qufqHESD;EG,f
jcif;ESihf pyfvsOf;aomtMuHjyKcsuftcsdKUudkay;í ,HkMunfolwkdif;udkvnf;
&ihfusufjcif;udk rrSdwfrokefqufíBudK;pm;vkyfaqmifMu&ef wdkufwGef;cGeftm;
ay;&if; ed*Hk;csKyfxm;onf/
bk&m;ocifonf þpmtkyfudkaumif;BuD;ay;í zwf½IaomolwdkYtm;
cGeftm;ay;&eftoHk;jyKrnf[k uREfkyf,HkMunfygonf/ oihfvufxJwGifor®m
usrf;pmudk zGihfvSefxm;vQuf þpmtkyfudkzwf½Iyg/ þpmtkyfonf or®m
usrf;pmudktpm;xdk;Ekdifonfht&mr[kwfyg/ þpmtkyf\&nf&G,fcsufrSm zdvdyÜd
Mo0g'pmapmifESihf aumavmoJMo0g'pmapmifrsm;udk &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;od&Sd
vmí vufawGUtoHk;csEkdif&efjzpfonf/ þpmtkyfonf oihftm;ocif
udk,fawmftyg;odkYtenf;i,feD;uyfoGm;apvQifyif uREfkyfonf þpmtkyf
a&;om;&jcif;udkatmifjrifonf[krSwf,loGm;ygrnf/ bk&m;ocifESihf oifh&JU
qufqH&if;ESD;rIwGif oihftm;aphaqmfwdkufwGef;ay;&ef bk&m;ocifonf þ
pmtkyfudktoHk;jyKygap/ þqifjcifESvHk;oGif;jcif; #Dumusrf;av;tm;jzihf
&Sifaygvkonf oihftm;wpfzefpum;ajymapyg/ bk&m;ocif\0dnmOfawmf
onf þpmtkyftm;zwf½Iaomolta,mufwkdif;udk wefcdk;? tpGrf;tprsm;
ay;ícGeftm;opfrsm;oGef;avmif;ygapaomf/
tuf(zf)? 0def; rufvD,dk'hftuf(zf)? 0def; rufvD,dk'hf
tuf(zf)? 0def; rufvD,dk'hftuf(zf)? 0def; rufvD,dk'hf
tuf(zf)? 0def; rufvD,dk'hf
2 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm pum;csD 3
zdvdyÜdMo0g'pmapmifudked'gef;ysdK;jcif;
__________________________________________________________
a&;om;jyKpkola&;om;jyKpkol
a&;om;jyKpkola&;om;jyKpkol
a&;om;jyKpkol
wrefawmf&Sifaygvku zdvdyÜd,HkMunfolrsm;xHodkY a&;om;ay;ydkYvdkuf
aomapmif\ pma&;olrSmrdrdyifjzpfaMumif; pmapmif \yxrqHk;usrf;ydk'fwGif
azmfjyrdwfqufay;xm;onf/ þpmapmifwGif &Sifaygvku 4if;ESihfzdvdyÜd
,HkMunfolrsm;\qufqH&if;ESD;rIudktxl;azmfjyxm;NyD; 4if;wdkYurdrd\omoem
vkyfief;wGif rnfodkYyg0ifay;qyfcJhMuonfukd 4if;wdkYtm;tao;pdwfjyefvnf
today;xm;onf/
aemufcHtaMumif;t&maemufcHtaMumif;t&m
aemufcHtaMumif;t&maemufcHtaMumif;t&m
aemufcHtaMumif;t&m
zdvdyÜdNrdKUonf rmaua'gedjynf\ txifu&NrdKUBuD;jzpfonf/ &Sifaygvk
\acwfwGif zdvdyÜdNrdKUonfa&mrvufatmufcHNrdKUwpfNrdKUjzpfcJhonf (wrefawmf
16;12)/ þNrdKUonf ppfwyftajccs&mNrdKUjzpfí a&mrppfonftajrmuftrsm;
rSm NrdKU\vrf;rrsm;ay:wGif vIyf&Sm;oGmvmaeMuonf/
zdvdyÜdNrdKUü&SifaygvkomoemjyKcsdefwGif qefYusifwGef;vSefrIrsdK;pHkudk MuHK
zdvdyÜdMo0g'pmapmifudked'gef;ysdK;jcif;
__________________________________________________________
a&;om;jyKpkola&;om;jyKpkol
a&;om;jyKpkola&;om;jyKpkol
a&;om;jyKpkol
wrefawmf&Sifaygvku zdvdyÜd,HkMunfolrsm;xHodkY a&;om;ay;ydkYvdkuf
aomapmif\ pma&;olrSmrdrdyifjzpfaMumif; pmapmif \yxrqHk;usrf;ydk'fwGif
azmfjyrdwfqufay;xm;onf/ þpmapmifwGif &Sifaygvku 4if;ESihfzdvdyÜd
,HkMunfolrsm;\qufqH&if;ESD;rIudktxl;azmfjyxm;NyD; 4if;wdkYurdrd\omoem
vkyfief;wGif rnfodkYyg0ifay;qyfcJhMuonfukd 4if;wdkYtm;tao;pdwfjyefvnf
today;xm;onf/
aemufcHtaMumif;t&maemufcHtaMumif;t&m
aemufcHtaMumif;t&maemufcHtaMumif;t&m
aemufcHtaMumif;t&m
zdvdyÜdNrdKUonf rmaua'gedjynf\ txifu&NrdKUBuD;jzpfonf/ &Sifaygvk
\acwfwGif zdvdyÜdNrdKUonfa&mrvufatmufcHNrdKUwpfNrdKUjzpfcJhonf (wrefawmf
16;12)/ þNrdKUonf ppfwyftajccs&mNrdKUjzpfí a&mrppfonftajrmuftrsm;
rSm NrdKU\vrf;rrsm;ay:wGif vIyf&Sm;oGmvmaeMuonf/
zdvdyÜdNrdKUü&SifaygvkomoemjyKcsdefwGif qefYusifwGef;vSefrIrsdK;pHkudk MuHK
cJh&onf/ w&m;a[maepOfwGif &SifaygvkonfwdkufcdkufcH&NyD;? xdk;Budwf½dkuf
ESufí axmifxJüavSmifxm;jcif;udkcHcJh&onf (wrefawmf 16;22-24)/
odkYaomf þtcsif;t&monfaxmifrSL;\toufwmajymif;vJjcif;ü tajz
xGufcJhonf/ þt&yfa'orS yxrqHk;ajymif;vJvmolrSm vk'd[ktrnfwGif
aomukefonftrsdK;orD;jzpfonf (wrefawmf 16;11-15)/
&Sifaygvk\ueOD;BudK;pm;tm;xkwfrI\ &vm'ftjzpfxGufay:vm
aomþtoif;awmfonf &Sifaygvk\omoemjyKvkyfief;rsm;wGifaemufuG,f
rSckdifckdifrmrm&yfwnfay;cJhonf/ zdvdyÜd 4;15 wGif &SifaygvkuzdvdyÜd,kHMunf
olwkdYtm; 4if;wkdYonfrdrdrmau'gedjynfü omoemjyKpOfwGif aiGaMu;tm;jzihf
aemufrSrm;rm;&yfwnfay;cJhonfh wpfyg;wnf;aomtoif;awmfjzpfaMumif;
jyefvnftoday;xm;onf/
þpmapmifukda&;om;jyKpkcsdefwGif &SifaygvkrSaxmifeef;pHaecJh&onf
(zdvdyÜd 1;7-13)/ zdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;rSm þtcsif;t&mukdtvGefpdk;&drfylyefcJh
MuNyD; &Sifaygvkukdaz;rulnD&ef {yajzm'dwfukdvufaqmifypönf;rsm;ESifhtwl
apvTwfcJhonf (zdvdyÜd 4;18)/ &Sifaygvkuvnf; wpfzefþpmapmifESifhtwl
{yajzm'dwfukd zdvdyÜdNrdKUokdYjyefvnfapvTwfcJh[ef&Sdonf (zdvdyÜd 2;25-28)/
zdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;xHokdY a&;om;ay;ykdYcJhaompmapmifonf tvGef
yk*¾dKvfa&;qefonf/ &Sifaygvk\pdwfqE´rSm þokdYrdrdaxmifeef;pHaecsdefürdrd
twGufpkd;&drfylyefay;Muaom zdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;\pdwfaomuukdoufom
avsmhayghoGm;ap&efjzpfonf[k xifrSwf&onf/ rdrdtm;ay;ykdYkvkdufaomvuf
aqmifypönf;rsm;ESifh 4if;wkdY\vufwGJyg0ifrIrsm;twGuf 4if;wkdYukdaus;Zl;wifvkd
cJhonf/ þpmapmifonf þt&yfa'owpf0kdufa'oü&SdMuaom ,kHMunfol
rsm;tay:üxm;&Sdonfh &Sifaygvk\eufeJaomcspfjcif;arwåmw&m;ukdazmfusL;
xm;onf/ &Sifaygvkonf olwkdYtwGufvnf;aumif;? olwkdY\vufwGJyg0if
ay;rIrsm;twGufvnf;aumif; bk&m;ocifukdaus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;cJhonf (1;3?
5)/ olwkdYukdtvGefcspfcifESpfoufcJhaMumif;ukdajymjyxm;NyD; (1;7)? olwkdYukdcspf
olwkdY[kyifac:a0:cJhNyD; (2;12)? olwkdYukdcspfítvGefvGrf;&aomolrsm;[kjyef
vnfajymjyxm;onf (4;1)/
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tcJrsm;tm; rqkwfrepf&ifqkdifausmfjzwfMu&ef cGeftm;ay;wkdufwGef;xm;
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rsm;ukdrnfokdYukdifwG,fajz&Sif;&rnfhtaMumif; taxmuftuljzpfaprnfh
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,ckacwfumvtwGufþpmapmifta&;ygykH,ckacwfumvtwGufþpmapmifta&;ygykH
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awmfrlaomaMumifh xkdt&mrsm;ukdrdrd\tMuHtpnftxajrmufzkdY&eftwGuf
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6 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm zdvdyÜdMo0g'pmapmifudked'gefysKd;jcif; 7
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ESufí axmifxJüavSmifxm;jcif;udkcHcJh&onf (wrefawmf 16;22-24)/
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xGufcJhonf/ þt&yfa'orS yxrqHk;ajymif;vJvmolrSm vk'd[ktrnfwGif
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ay;rIrsm;twGufvnf;aumif; bk&m;ocifukdaus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;cJhonf (1;3?
5)/ olwkdYukdtvGefcspfcifESpfoufcJhaMumif;ukdajymjyxm;NyD; (1;7)? olwkdYukdcspf
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vnfajymjyxm;onf (4;1)/
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rsm;ukdrnfokdYukdifwG,fajz&Sif;&rnfhtaMumif; taxmuftuljzpfaprnfh
tajrmftjriftcsKdUukd a0iSay;xm;onf/
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awmfrlaomaMumifh xkdt&mrsm;ukdrdrd\tMuHtpnftxajrmufzkdY&eftwGuf
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6 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm zdvdyÜdMo0g'pmapmifudked'gefysKd;jcif; 7
1
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zdvdyÜd 1;1-10 ukdzwf½Iyg/zdvdyÜd 1;1-10 ukdzwf½Iyg/
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zdvdyÜd 1;1-10 ukdzwf½Iyg/
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&Sifaygvk\w&m;a'oemtm; em;axmifvkdaomolwkdYukdvnf; 0ifxGufoGm;
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bk&m;ocifuyHhykd;ay;rnfhcGeftm;ü rqkwfrepfBudK;pm;&ifqkdifMu&efukdvnf;
aumif; cGeftm;ay;wkdufwGef;xm;ygonf/
8 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
1
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___________________________________________________
zdvdyÜd 1;1-10 ukdzwf½Iyg/zdvdyÜd 1;1-10 ukdzwf½Iyg/
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zdvdyÜd 1;1-10 ukdzwf½Iyg/
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&Sifaygvk\w&m;a'oemtm; em;axmifvkdaomolwkdYukdvnf; 0ifxGufoGm;
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bk&m;ocifuyHhykd;ay;rnfhcGeftm;ü rqkwfrepfBudK;pm;&ifqkdifMu&efukdvnf;
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8 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
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oif;axmufrsm;ukdvnf; a&;om;ay;ykdYcJhMuonfukdowdjyKyg/ &Sifaygvkr&Sdckduf
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&Sifaygvkonf wpfae&mxJwGifMumMumaeavhr&Sdyg/ &Sifaygvkonftawmf
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2
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2
tqkd;rStaumif;okdY
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28 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm tqdk;rStaumif;odkY 29
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28 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm tqdk;rStaumif;odkY 29
3
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___________________________________________________
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rsm;ukdraMumuf&GHUMuzkdY &Sifaygvkuajymxm;onf/ jyif;xefaomqefYusif&ef
vkyfjcif;cH&onfhtcsdefrsm;wGif ,kHMunfolrsm;taejzihf aojcif;onfomí
tusKd;&Sdítouf&Sifjcif;onf ocifc&pfawmfukdawGYMuKHcHpm;í xkdocif\
rsufarSmufjyKjcif;ESifh tpGrf;tpay;jcif;ukdem;vnfcHpm;jcif;jzpfaMumif; ukd,fh
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olwkdYonftaMumif;t&mESpfckukdazmfjyaeMuonf/ yxrtaMumif;t&mrSm
bk&m;ocif\or®mw&m;onf zsufqD;í&Ekdifrnfr[kwfaMumif;ESifh 'kwd,
taMumif;t&mrSm olwkdYonfor®mw&m;ukdqefYusifvkyfaeMuaomaMumifh
bk&m;ocif\w&m;pD&ifjcif;ukdcHMu&rnfjzpfonf/
wrefawmf 5 wGif wrefawmfrsm;zrf;qD;csKyfaESmifjcif;ukdcHMu&NyD;
4if;wkdYukdw&m;pD&if&ef vTwfawmfüaqmif,lvmcJhMuonf/ ,k'vlrsKd;rsm;jzihf
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av;pm;MunfndKjcif;ukdcH&aom zm&d&SJwpfyg;jzpfaom*gravsvu xkdokdYaom
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(wrefawmf 5;38-39)/
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wltajctaersKd;ukdMuKHawGY&rnfjzpfonf/ olwkdYonfwrefawmfwkdYukdrwm;qD;
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ukdETJaejcif;jzpfonf/
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ocifc&pfawmftwGuf qif;&Jjcif;'ku©ukdMuKHawGY&jcif;onf &SifaygvktwGufrl
*kPf,lp&mjzpfcJhonf/ cufcJjyif;xefaomurÇmppfBuD;rsm;ü yg0ifwkdufckdufcJh
Muaomolrsm;ukd tcgtm;avsmfpGmMuKHawGYí pum;ajymcGifh&cJhonf/ olwkdY\
ukd,fcE¨mrsm;ü aoewfusnfqHrsm;aMumifhvnf;aumif;? tjcm;t&mrsm;
aMumifhvnf;aumif; &&SdcJhaom'Pf&mtrm&Gwfrsm;ukd uREkfyftm;jycJhMuNyD;
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touf&Sifonfjzpfap? aoonfjzpfap 4140 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
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olwkdYonftaMumif;t&mESpfckukdazmfjyaeMuonf/ yxrtaMumif;t&mrSm
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taMumif;t&mrSm olwkdYonfor®mw&m;ukdqefYusifvkyfaeMuaomaMumifh
bk&m;ocif\w&m;pD&ifjcif;ukdcHMu&rnfjzpfonf/
wrefawmf 5 wGif wrefawmfrsm;zrf;qD;csKyfaESmifjcif;ukdcHMu&NyD;
4if;wkdYukdw&m;pD&if&ef vTwfawmfüaqmif,lvmcJhMuonf/ ,k'vlrsKd;rsm;jzihf
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av;pm;MunfndKjcif;ukdcH&aom zm&d&SJwpfyg;jzpfaom*gravsvu xkdokdYaom
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(wrefawmf 5;38-39)/
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usifaeMuygonf/}} þonfrSmolwkdYb,faomtcgwGifrQ ratmifjrifrnfhppfyGJ
ukdETJaejcif;jzpfonf/
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qif;&Jjcif;'ku©ukdvnf; &ifqkdifMuKHawGY&eftcGifh&SdcJhMuaMumif;ajymjycJhonf/
ocifc&pfawmftwGuf qif;&Jjcif;'ku©ukdMuKHawGY&jcif;onf &SifaygvktwGufrl
*kPf,lp&mjzpfcJhonf/ cufcJjyif;xefaomurÇmppfBuD;rsm;ü yg0ifwkdufckdufcJh
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touf&Sifonfjzpfap? aoonfjzpfap 4140 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
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xkdt&mrsm;twGufolwkdYnOf;wGm; wkdifwnfjcif;rvkyfchJMuyg/ rdrdwkdY\EkdifiH
awmftwGufwkdufyGJ0ifjcif;wGif qif;&Jjcif;'ku©vnf;yg0ifí wkdufyGJ\'Pf&m
trm&Gwfrsm;ukdo,fykd;xm;jcif;onf *kPf,lp&mtrIjzpfaMumif; olwkdYem;vnf
oabmaygufcJhMuonf/ &Sifaygvkuvnf; rdrdMuKHawGY&aomqif;&J'ku©ukd
xkdtwkdif;½IjrifcJhonf/ owif;aumif;w&m;awmfukda[majymjcif;aMumifh
ausmufcJjzifhaygufjcif;ukdcH&pOfu &&SdcJhaom'Pf&mtrm&Gwfrsm;ukd ukd,fcE¨m
xufüo,faqmifxm;vsuf&Sdonf/ ocifa,½Ic&pfawmf txHürnfrQ
qufuyftyfxm;onfukdajymjyaeaom MumyGwf&mrsm;rSm ol\ausmay:
wGifae&m,lxm;Muonf/ þonfukd&Sufp&mtjzpfolrjrifcJhyg/ ocifa,½I
twGuf xkdodkYqif;&J'ku©awGYMuKHawGY&jcif;ukd tcGifhta&;aumif;wpfck
&&Sdjcif;[k*kPf,lcJhonf/ ,aeYuREkfyfwkdY\toufwmrsm;wGifvnf; tvm;wl
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pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
·oihf&JUb0yef;wkdifrSmtb,fenf;/ &Sifaygvk\b0yef;wkdifrSmrnfonfh
t&menf;/ &Sifaygvk\b0yef;wkdifukd oifh&JUb0yef;wkdiftjzpf&,l&ef
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bk&m;ocifonf rdrd\rsufarSmufawmfwGif ,ckyif&SifoefMu&efqihf
ac:xm;onfhtjzpfukdarhavsmí txufaumif;uifbkHukdoma&SU½I
tm½kHxm;aejcif;ukd uREkfyfwkdYjyKvkyfEkdifMuygovm;/
·bk&m;ocifESifhuREkfyfwkdY\ qufqH&if;ESD;rIwGif 0rf;ajrmufjcif;\tcef;
u@rSmtb,fenf;/
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qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
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awmif;avQmufyg/
42 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm touf&Sifonfjzpfap? aoonfjzpfap 43
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xkdt&mrsm;twGufolwkdYnOf;wGm; wkdifwnfjcif;rvkyfchJMuyg/ rdrdwkdY\EkdifiH
awmftwGufwkdufyGJ0ifjcif;wGif qif;&Jjcif;'ku©vnf;yg0ifí wkdufyGJ\'Pf&m
trm&Gwfrsm;ukdo,fykd;xm;jcif;onf *kPf,lp&mtrIjzpfaMumif; olwkdYem;vnf
oabmaygufcJhMuonf/ &Sifaygvkuvnf; rdrdMuKHawGY&aomqif;&J'ku©ukd
xkdtwkdif;½IjrifcJhonf/ owif;aumif;w&m;awmfukda[majymjcif;aMumifh
ausmufcJjzifhaygufjcif;ukdcH&pOfu &&SdcJhaom'Pf&mtrm&Gwfrsm;ukd ukd,fcE¨m
xufüo,faqmifxm;vsuf&Sdonf/ ocifa,½Ic&pfawmf txHürnfrQ
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pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
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42 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm touf&Sifonfjzpfap? aoonfjzpfap 43
4
tvm;wlaomxkdpdwfoabmukd
___________________________________________________
zdvdyÜd 2;1-11 ukdzwf½Iyg/zdvdyÜd 2;1-11 ukdzwf½Iyg/
zdvdyÜd 2;1-11 ukdzwf½Iyg/zdvdyÜd 2;1-11 ukdzwf½Iyg/
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4
tvm;wlaomxkdpdwfoabmukd
___________________________________________________
zdvdyÜd 2;1-11 ukdzwf½Iyg/zdvdyÜd 2;1-11 ukdzwf½Iyg/
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tvm;wlaomxdkpdwfoabmudk 47
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aojcif;w&m;\t&Sufukd um;wkdifxufücHpm;oGm;cJhonf/ bk&m;ocifonf
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cJhyg/ þonfrSm&Sifaygvkajymaeonfh uREkfyfwkdY\toufwmukd ocifa,½I
uJhokdY rnfokdYaexkdifMu&rnfhtaMumif;yifjzpfonf/ uREkfyfwkdYonf
uREkfyfwkdY\rmefrmersm;ukdab;z,fxm;Mu&rnf/ uREkfyfwkdY\nDtpfukd
armifESrrsm;twGuf ukd,fhukdukd,fvSJcif;xm;&rnf/ ocifa,½Iu
uREkfyfwkdYtm; tapcHítvkyftauR;jyKcJhouJhokdY uREkfyfwkdY\toufwmrsm;
ukdvnf; olwkdYtm;tapcH&efay;tyfxm;&rnf/
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cJhonf/ ol\trnfemrukd emrwumwkdY\txufücsD;ajr§mufcJhonf/ wpf
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aumif;uiftxuft&yfüvnf;aumif;? ajrBuD;ay:üvnf;aumif;? ajrBuD;
atmuft&yfü(aoqkH;oGm;aomolrsm;ESifh ewfqkd;0dnmOfqkd;rsm;)&Sdaom
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aomt&mrsm;ukdrdrdvnf;cHpm;zkdY udk,fhukdukd,fcGifhjyKcJhonf/ uREkfyfwkdYcHpm;&
aomxdckdufjcif;? emusifjcif;rsm;ukdcHpm;cJhonf/ ½kd;om;íESdrfhcsaomvlom;
wpfOD;taejzifh ocifa,½Ionfrdrd\ppfrSefaomtapcHoabmobm0ukd
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ocifa,½Ionfcrnf;awmfbk&m;tay:ü vkH;vkH;vsm;vsm;rSDckdtm;xm;í
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cJhonf/
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olonfrdrd\bk&m;tcGifhxl;rsm;ukd tcsdefumvwpfcktxdab;z,fxm;cJh
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aojcif;w&m;\t&Sufukd um;wkdifxufücHpm;oGm;cJhonf/ bk&m;ocifonf
raoEkdifygaomfvnf; ocifa,½IonfuREkfyfwkdY\vlYZmwdobm0ukd tcsdef
umvwpfcktxd&,lí vlom;wpfOD;uJhokdYaocJhygonf/ þt&mrsm;tm;vkH;
wGifolonfrdrd\wudk,fa&tqifajyrIrsm;ESifh ESpfoufvkdvm;rIrsm;ukdrpOf;pm;
cJhyg/ þonfrSm&Sifaygvkajymaeonfh uREkfyfwkdY\toufwmukd ocifa,½I
uJhokdY rnfokdYaexkdifMu&rnfhtaMumif;yifjzpfonf/ uREkfyfwkdYonf
uREkfyfwkdY\rmefrmersm;ukdab;z,fxm;Mu&rnf/ uREkfyfwkdY\nDtpfukd
armifESrrsm;twGuf ukd,fhukdukd,fvSJcif;xm;&rnf/ ocifa,½Iu
uREkfyfwkdYtm; tapcHítvkyftauR;jyKcJhouJhokdY uREkfyfwkdY\toufwmrsm;
ukdvnf; olwkdYtm;tapcH&efay;tyfxm;&rnf/
tcef;i,f 9 wGif ocifc&pfawmf\vkyf&yfukd crnfawmfbk&m;utrI
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aMumifh tjrihfqkH;aomt&mücsD;ajr§mufjcif;ukdcHcJh&onf/ wkdif;EkdifiHtm;vkH;ESifh
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cJhonf/ ol\trnfemrukd emrwumwkdY\txufücsD;ajr§mufcJhonf/ wpf
aeYwGifocifa,½I\a&SUarSmufü vlom;tm;vkH;'l;axmufMu&vdrhfrnf/
aumif;uiftxuft&yfüvnf;aumif;? ajrBuD;ay:üvnf;aumif;? ajrBuD;
atmuft&yfü(aoqkH;oGm;aomolrsm;ESifh ewfqkd;0dnmOfqkd;rsm;)&Sdaom
owå0grsm;tm;vkH;u olYukdociftjzpftodtrSwfjyKí av;pm;MunfndKjcif;
jzifhOD;ñGwfcJhMuygvdrhfrnf/ olwkdYonfcrnf;awmfbk&m;\ bkef;awmft&mü
om;awmfukdcsD;ajr§mufcJhMuygvdrfhrnf/ crnf;awmfbk&m;ESihfom;awmfbk&m;
Mum;wGif,SOfNydKifrIr&Sdyg/ wpfyg;ukdcsD;ajr§mufjcif;onf tjcm;wpfyg;ukdcsD;ajr§muf
jcif;yifjzpfonf/ om;awmfukdukd;uG,fqnf;uyfjcif;onf crnf;awmfukdukd;
uG,fqnf;uyfjcif;jzpfonf/ ocifa,½Ionfbk&m;jzpfí jzpfwnfrIobm0
wGifcrnf;awmfbk&m;ESifhwef;wlnDrQumulnDaom csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh*kPfjyKjcif;
wkdYukdxkdufwefygonf/
tvm;wlaomxdkpdwfoabmudk 5554 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
ocifc&pfawmf\atmifEkdifjcif;onf ukd,fhukdukd,fESdrfhcsjcif;rSa&muf&Sd
vmcJhjcif;jzpfonf/ þonfrSmzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;tm;pdefac:cJhaom &Sifaygvk
\pdefac:csufyifjzpfonf/ &SifaygvkuolwkdYtm; ocifa,½I\ykHOyrmukd&,l
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acgif;aqmifwpfOD;jzpfaumif;jzpfrnf/ oifhteD;ywf0ef;usif&SdvlwkdY\vkdtyf
csufrsm;ukdjznfhqnf;ulnDay;&ef ocifa,½IjyKcJhouJhokdY oifh&JUt½kduft&mrS
&&Sdaom*kPfodu©mukdab;z,fxm;í oifh&JUukd,fykdiftusKd;tjrwfESifhvkyfykdif
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ukdvufvSrf;rDzkdY rdrd\vkyfykdifcGifhrsm;ukdpGefYvTwfcJhonf/ uREkfyfwkdYukdvnf;xkd
twkdif;jyKvkyf&efqifhac:xm;onf/ EkdifiHawmftwGuf rdrdwkdY\ukd,fykdift,l
tqrsm;ESifhtdyfrufpdwful;rsm;ukd pGefYvTwfvkdaomolrsm;ukd ocifbk&m;u&Sm
MuHaeygonf/ ocifc&pfawmf\EkdifiHwmfukdcsJUxGif;&ef uREkfyfwkdYa&SUokdYcsDwuf
aeMuonfESifhtrQ ocifbk&m;\pdwfxm;ukd,lwif0wfaqmifMu&ef &Sifaygvk
uuREkfyfwkdYukdqifhac:xm;onf/ olYtxHrS uREkfyfwkdYvufcH&&Sdxm;aomt&m
rsm;ukdtjcm;olrsm;tm;a0iSMu&rnf/ ocifa,½Ionf uREkfyfwkdY\ykHOyrmjzpf
onf/
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pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
·þae&mwGif &Sifaygvkuocifc&pfawmfESifh wpfvkH;wpf0wnf;jzpfjcif;
ü&SdaomcGeftm;ay;wkdufwGef;jcif;? ocifc&pfawmf\cspfjcif;ü&Sdaom
ESpfodrfhjcif;? ocifc&pfawmf\0dnmOfawmfESifh rdwfo[m,zGJYjcif;wkdY
taMumif;ukdajymjyxm;onf/ þor®mw&m;rsm;ukd oifhtoufwm
üawGYMuKHcHpm;zl;ygovm;? ykHOyrmay;yg/
·oif*kPf,l0ifh<um;&onfh oifhtoufwmüjyKvkyfcJhonfht&mrsm;um;
tb,fenf;? þtcsif;t&monf oifESifhoifhteD;tem;&SdvlwkdY\
qufqH&if;ESD;rIukd rnfokdYoufa&mufrIjyKvkyfygoenf;/ ocifc&pf
awmfüwnfaom oifh&JUnDtpfukdarmifESrrsm;ukd yHhykd;ulnDrp&efþ
t&mrsm;ukdab;z,fxm;zkdY oifqE´&Sdygovm;/
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jyKvkyfygoenf;/ oifh&JUpdwfaeoabmxm;ESifhvkyf&yfrsm;onf oifh
toufwmüvnf;aumif;? tjcm;,kHMunfolrsm;\toufwmü
vnf;aumif; 0dnmOftoD;tyGifhukdcHpm;&mü [efYwm;aESmifh,SufEkdifyg
ovm;/
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qkH;jzwfcsufrnfrQcsrSwfcJhygoenf;/ þusrf;csuf\pdefac:csufum;
tb,fenf;/
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
·tjcm;olrsm;\vkdtyfcsufrsm;ukd tav;xm;aomtoufwmrsKd;ukd
&Sifoefaexkdif&efulnDrpay;zkdY ocifbk&m;xHüawmif;avQmufyg/
·ocifc&pfawmfESifhwpfvkH;wpf0wnf;jzpfjcif;ü&Sdaom cGeftm;ay;wkduf
56 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm tvm;wlaomxdkpdwfoabmudk 57
ocifc&pfawmf\atmifEkdifjcif;onf ukd,fhukdukd,fESdrfhcsjcif;rSa&muf&Sd
vmcJhjcif;jzpfonf/ þonfrSmzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;tm;pdefac:cJhaom &Sifaygvk
\pdefac:csufyifjzpfonf/ &SifaygvkuolwkdYtm; ocifa,½I\ykHOyrmukd&,l
Mu&efpdefac:cJhonf/ oifonftoif;awmfü oif;tkyf(okdY)0dnmOfa&;&m
acgif;aqmifwpfOD;jzpfaumif;jzpfrnf/ oifhteD;ywf0ef;usif&SdvlwkdY\vkdtyf
csufrsm;ukdjznfhqnf;ulnDay;&ef ocifa,½IjyKcJhouJhokdY oifh&JUt½kduft&mrS
&&Sdaom*kPfodu©mukdab;z,fxm;í oifh&JUukd,fykdiftusKd;tjrwfESifhvkyfykdif
cGifhrsm;ukdpGefYvTwftepfemcHzkdY vkdvm;ygovm;/ ocifa,½Iu þavmuBuD;
ukdvufvSrf;rDzkdY rdrd\vkyfykdifcGifhrsm;ukdpGefYvTwfcJhonf/ uREkfyfwkdYukdvnf;xkd
twkdif;jyKvkyf&efqifhac:xm;onf/ EkdifiHawmftwGuf rdrdwkdY\ukd,fykdift,l
tqrsm;ESifhtdyfrufpdwful;rsm;ukd pGefYvTwfvkdaomolrsm;ukd ocifbk&m;u&Sm
MuHaeygonf/ ocifc&pfawmf\EkdifiHwmfukdcsJUxGif;&ef uREkfyfwkdYa&SUokdYcsDwuf
aeMuonfESifhtrQ ocifbk&m;\pdwfxm;ukd,lwif0wfaqmifMu&ef &Sifaygvk
uuREkfyfwkdYukdqifhac:xm;onf/ olYtxHrS uREkfyfwkdYvufcH&&Sdxm;aomt&m
rsm;ukdtjcm;olrsm;tm;a0iSMu&rnf/ ocifa,½Ionf uREkfyfwkdY\ykHOyrmjzpf
onf/
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pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
·þae&mwGif &Sifaygvkuocifc&pfawmfESifh wpfvkH;wpf0wnf;jzpfjcif;
ü&SdaomcGeftm;ay;wkdufwGef;jcif;? ocifc&pfawmf\cspfjcif;ü&Sdaom
ESpfodrfhjcif;? ocifc&pfawmf\0dnmOfawmfESifh rdwfo[m,zGJYjcif;wkdY
taMumif;ukdajymjyxm;onf/ þor®mw&m;rsm;ukd oifhtoufwm
üawGYMuKHcHpm;zl;ygovm;? ykHOyrmay;yg/
·oif*kPf,l0ifh<um;&onfh oifhtoufwmüjyKvkyfcJhonfht&mrsm;um;
tb,fenf;? þtcsif;t&monf oifESifhoifhteD;tem;&SdvlwkdY\
qufqH&if;ESD;rIukd rnfokdYoufa&mufrIjyKvkyfygoenf;/ ocifc&pf
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t&mrsm;ukdab;z,fxm;zkdY oifqE´&Sdygovm;/
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jyKvkyfygoenf;/ oifh&JUpdwfaeoabmxm;ESifhvkyf&yfrsm;onf oifh
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vnf;aumif; 0dnmOftoD;tyGifhukdcHpm;&mü [efYwm;aESmifh,SufEkdifyg
ovm;/
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tb,fenf;/
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
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&Sifoefaexkdif&efulnDrpay;zkdY ocifbk&m;xHüawmif;avQmufyg/
·ocifc&pfawmfESifhwpfvkH;wpf0wnf;jzpfjcif;ü&Sdaom cGeftm;ay;wkduf
56 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm tvm;wlaomxdkpdwfoabmudk 57
wGef;jcif;? ocifc&pfawmf\cspfjcif;ü&SdaomESpfodrfhjcif;? oefY&Sif;aom
0dnmOfawmfESifhrdo[m,zGJYjcif;wkdYtwGuf ocifbk&m;ukdaus;Zl;wif
csD;rGrf;yg/
·oifh&JUpdwfESvkH;xJü ocifa,½Iurdrd\toufwmukd rnfokdYaexkdifcJh
onf[laomt&mtwGuf ocifa,½Iukdaus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;yg/ oifh&JU
vkdtyfcsufrsm;ukd ocifa,½Iuqufvufípdwfyg0ifpm;aerItwGuf
aus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;yg/
5
jrnfwrf;jcif;r&SdyJ
___________________________________________________
zdvdyÜd 2;12-18 ukdzwf½Iyg/zdvdyÜd 2;12-18 ukdzwf½Iyg/
zdvdyÜd 2;12-18 ukdzwf½Iyg/zdvdyÜd 2;12-18 ukdzwf½Iyg/
zdvdyÜd 2;12-18 ukdzwf½Iyg/
aemufqkH;qifjcifESvkH;oGif;jcif;ü &SifaygvkuzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;tm;
vkyforQaomt&mü ocifa,½I\pdwfaeoabmxm;rsKd;ukd &Sdxm;Mu&efrnf
odkYpdefac:wkdufwGef;cJhonfukd uREkfyfwkdYawGYjrifcJhMuonf/ rdrdwkdY\tusKd;pD;yGm;
xuftjcm;olrsm;\tusKd;pD;yGm;onf ykdíta&;BuD;aMumif;xnhfoGif;pOf;pm;
Mu&ef&SifaygvkuolwkdYukdpdefac:wkdufwGef;cJhonf/ &SifaygvkuolwkdYtm;ocif
a,½I\ykHOyrmukdñTefjycJhNyD; wpfa,mufESifhwpfa,mufqufqHMu&müxkd
ykHOyrmukdvkdufavsmufMu&ef pdefac:wkdufwGef;cJhonf/
&SifaygvkzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;ESifh twl&SdaecJhpOftcsdefu olwkdYonf
&Sifaygvk\tMuHjyKwkdufwGef;csufrsm;ukdem;axmifcJhNyD; ocifbk&m;ukdemcHcJh
Muonf/ olr&SdckdufwGifvnf; zdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;onf ykdívkHYv0D&d,&SdMu
rnfhtaMumif;ukdpdwfcs,kHMunfcJhonf(i,f 12)/ olwkdYwpfOD;ESifhwpfOD;qufqH
&if;ESD;rIrsm;wGif ocifa,½I\ykHOyrmukdvkdufavQmufMu&efñTefjycJh½kHomr[kwf
58 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
wGef;jcif;? ocifc&pfawmf\cspfjcif;ü&SdaomESpfodrfhjcif;? oefY&Sif;aom
0dnmOfawmfESifhrdo[m,zGJYjcif;wkdYtwGuf ocifbk&m;ukdaus;Zl;wif
csD;rGrf;yg/
·oifh&JUpdwfESvkH;xJü ocifa,½Iurdrd\toufwmukd rnfokdYaexkdifcJh
onf[laomt&mtwGuf ocifa,½Iukdaus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;yg/ oifh&JU
vkdtyfcsufrsm;ukd ocifa,½Iuqufvufípdwfyg0ifpm;aerItwGuf
aus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;yg/
5
jrnfwrf;jcif;r&SdyJ
___________________________________________________
zdvdyÜd 2;12-18 ukdzwf½Iyg/zdvdyÜd 2;12-18 ukdzwf½Iyg/
zdvdyÜd 2;12-18 ukdzwf½Iyg/zdvdyÜd 2;12-18 ukdzwf½Iyg/
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onf/ bk&m;ocifonf rdrdwefckd;awmfukdoufaocHNyD; uREkffyfwkYdtwGufthHzG,f
wHcg;rsm;ukdzGifhay;cJhaomfvnf; olvkyfEkdifygonf[k uREkfyfwkdYukdjyocJhaom
t&mrsm;ukdjyKvkyf&efolYukdr,kHMunf&JcJhMuyg/ uREkfyfwkdYonftm;oGefcGef
pkdufa&SUqufajy;rnfqkdvQif uREkfyfwkdYonfbk&m;ocifu oGefoifay;cJhaom
oifcef;pmrsm;ukdowd&í emcHjcif;jzihfpwifvkdufavsmufzkdYvkdtyfonf/
100 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm tm;oGefcGefpdkufajy;í 101
pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
·ocifc&pfawmfukdoifodygovm;/ olukdykdíodvkdaompdwfqE´oihf
wGif&Sdygovm;? olYukdykdíodzkdYoifrnfonfhtwkdif;twmtxdoGm;
ygrnfenf;/
·þusrf;csufu c&pfawmftwGuf uREkfyfwkdY\vkyfEkdifpGrf;ukd tjynfht0
tokH;csjcif;ESifhpyfvsOf;í rnfonfht&mukdoGefoifay;ygoenf;/
ocifc&pfawmftwGuf oifh&JUvkyfEkdifpGrf;ukdtqkH;txdtokH;jyKzl;yg
ovm;/ ocifc&pfawmfonf oifhtm;jzihfvnf;aumif;? oifhtxJü
vnf;aumif;rnfrQxyfívkyfaqmifEkdifygonf[k ,kHMunfxm;yg
oenf;/
·0dnmOfa&;&müa&SUodkYwkd;EkdifzkdY rnfonfht&mukdoifarhaysmufypfzkdYvkd
ygoenf;/ oifarhaysmufypf&efvkdtyfaom qkH;½IH;cJhrIrsm;&Sdygovm;/
oifcGifhvTwfay;zkdYvkdtyfaomolrsm;&Sdygovm;/
·ocifc&pfawmfü&&Sdxm;aomt&mrsm;ukd vufawGY&,l&SifoefEkdifcJhyg
ovm;/ tvm;wloifcef;pmukd ocifbk&m;uoihftm;xyfwvJvJ
oGefoifay;aezkdYvkdaeygao;ovm;? &Sif;jyyg/
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
·bk&m;ocifukdykdíoduRrf;vkdaompdwfqE´tm; oihfukdwkd;íay;oem;
&efawmif;avQmufyg/ tm;oGefcGefpkdufa&SUokdYrajy;jcif;twGufcGifhvTwf
ay;zkdYawmif;qkdyg/
·tjypf'kp½kdufESifhaojcif;wkdYukdatmifEkdifcJhaom bk&m;ocif\&Sifjyef
xajrmufjcif;wefckd;ü &Sifoef&efoihftm;cGifhjyKay;zkdYawmif;yg/
·twdwfrSoihf&Jus½IH;rIrsm;ukd cGifhvTwfay;cJhonfhtwGuf bk&m;ocifukd
aus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;yg/ ,ckrSpía&SUokdYcsDwufoGm;Ekdif&ef omíBuD;rm;
aom&J&ifhjcif;ukd oifhtm;ay;oem;zkdYawmif;yg/
·oifhtm;oGefoifay;aeaom oifcef;pmrsm;ukdoif,l&ef aus;Zl;awmf
ukdoGef;avmif;ay;zkdY ocifbk&m;tm;awmif;avQmufyg/
102 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm tm;oGefcGefpdkufajy;í 103
pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
·ocifc&pfawmfukdoifodygovm;/ olukdykdíodvkdaompdwfqE´oihf
wGif&Sdygovm;? olYukdykdíodzkdYoifrnfonfhtwkdif;twmtxdoGm;
ygrnfenf;/
·þusrf;csufu c&pfawmftwGuf uREkfyfwkdY\vkyfEkdifpGrf;ukd tjynfht0
tokH;csjcif;ESifhpyfvsOf;í rnfonfht&mukdoGefoifay;ygoenf;/
ocifc&pfawmftwGuf oifh&JUvkyfEkdifpGrf;ukdtqkH;txdtokH;jyKzl;yg
ovm;/ ocifc&pfawmfonf oifhtm;jzihfvnf;aumif;? oifhtxJü
vnf;aumif;rnfrQxyfívkyfaqmifEkdifygonf[k ,kHMunfxm;yg
oenf;/
·0dnmOfa&;&müa&SUodkYwkd;EkdifzkdY rnfonfht&mukdoifarhaysmufypfzkdYvkd
ygoenf;/ oifarhaysmufypf&efvkdtyfaom qkH;½IH;cJhrIrsm;&Sdygovm;/
oifcGifhvTwfay;zkdYvkdtyfaomolrsm;&Sdygovm;/
·ocifc&pfawmfü&&Sdxm;aomt&mrsm;ukd vufawGY&,l&SifoefEkdifcJhyg
ovm;/ tvm;wloifcef;pmukd ocifbk&m;uoihftm;xyfwvJvJ
oGefoifay;aezkdYvkdaeygao;ovm;? &Sif;jyyg/
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
·bk&m;ocifukdykdíoduRrf;vkdaompdwfqE´tm; oihfukdwkd;íay;oem;
&efawmif;avQmufyg/ tm;oGefcGefpkdufa&SUokdYrajy;jcif;twGufcGifhvTwf
ay;zkdYawmif;qkdyg/
·tjypf'kp½kdufESifhaojcif;wkdYukdatmifEkdifcJhaom bk&m;ocif\&Sifjyef
xajrmufjcif;wefckd;ü &Sifoef&efoihftm;cGifhjyKay;zkdYawmif;yg/
·twdwfrSoihf&Jus½IH;rIrsm;ukd cGifhvTwfay;cJhonfhtwGuf bk&m;ocifukd
aus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;yg/ ,ckrSpía&SUokdYcsDwufoGm;Ekdif&ef omíBuD;rm;
aom&J&ifhjcif;ukd oifhtm;ay;oem;zkdYawmif;yg/
·oifhtm;oGefoifay;aeaom oifcef;pmrsm;ukdoif,l&ef aus;Zl;awmf
ukdoGef;avmif;ay;zkdY ocifbk&m;tm;awmif;avQmufyg/
102 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm tm;oGefcGefpdkufajy;í 103
9
vuf0g;uyfwkdif\&efolrsm;
___________________________________________________
zdvdyÜd 3;17-21 ukdzwf½Iyg/zdvdyÜd 3;17-21 ukdzwf½Iyg/
zdvdyÜd 3;17-21 ukdzwf½Iyg/zdvdyÜd 3;17-21 ukdzwf½Iyg/
zdvdyÜd 3;17-21 ukdzwf½Iyg/
&Sifaygvkurdrd\0dnmOfa&;&mBuD;xGm;jcif;wl tm;oGefcGefpkdufa&SUokdY
ajy;&efqE´ukdazmfjycJhonf/ þtykdif;wGif &SifaygvkuzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;tm;
rdrd\ykHOyrmukdtwl,lí vkdufavQmufMu&efpdefac:wkdufwGef;cJhonf/
rdrd\0dnmOfa&;&mavQmufvSrf;rIwGif rsm;pGma&SUqufavQmufvSrf;zkdY
vkdtyfvsuf&SdaMumif; &Sifaygvkem;vnfoabmaygufxm;onfukd uREkfyfwkdY
od&Sdem;vnfxm;zkdYvkdtyfonf/ ol\toufwmü t&mtm;vkH;tpDtpOf
wus&SdaeaomaMumifh olY&JUykHOyrmukdtwk,lívkdufavQmufMu&ef &Sifaygvk
utjcm;olrsm;ukdrzdwfac:cJhyg/ rdrdonfc&D;qkH;yef;wkdifukdra&mufao;
aMumif;yxrqkH;0efcHcJholjzpfonf/ þtcef;BuD;\ueOD;azmfjyxm;csufrsm;
wGifþtcsufrSm tvGef&Sif;vif;vSonf/
xkdkokdYqkdaomfvnf; tusKd;ukdcH&NyD; pkHvifjcif;okdYa&muf&NyD[kigrqkdvkd?
9
vuf0g;uyfwkdif\&efolrsm;
___________________________________________________
zdvdyÜd 3;17-21 ukdzwf½Iyg/zdvdyÜd 3;17-21 ukdzwf½Iyg/
zdvdyÜd 3;17-21 ukdzwf½Iyg/zdvdyÜd 3;17-21 ukdzwf½Iyg/
zdvdyÜd 3;17-21 ukdzwf½Iyg/
&Sifaygvkurdrd\0dnmOfa&;&mBuD;xGm;jcif;wl tm;oGefcGefpkdufa&SUokdY
ajy;&efqE´ukdazmfjycJhonf/ þtykdif;wGif &SifaygvkuzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;tm;
rdrd\ykHOyrmukdtwl,lí vkdufavQmufMu&efpdefac:wkdufwGef;cJhonf/
rdrd\0dnmOfa&;&mavQmufvSrf;rIwGif rsm;pGma&SUqufavQmufvSrf;zkdY
vkdtyfvsuf&SdaMumif; &Sifaygvkem;vnfoabmaygufxm;onfukd uREkfyfwkdY
od&Sdem;vnfxm;zkdYvkdtyfonf/ ol\toufwmü t&mtm;vkH;tpDtpOf
wus&SdaeaomaMumifh olY&JUykHOyrmukdtwk,lívkdufavQmufMu&ef &Sifaygvk
utjcm;olrsm;ukdrzdwfac:cJhyg/ rdrdonfc&D;qkH;yef;wkdifukdra&mufao;
aMumif;yxrqkH;0efcHcJholjzpfonf/ þtcef;BuD;\ueOD;azmfjyxm;csufrsm;
wGifþtcsufrSm tvGef&Sif;vif;vSonf/
xkdkokdYqkdaomfvnf; tusKd;ukdcH&NyD; pkHvifjcif;okdYa&muf&NyD[kigrqkdvkd?
tMuiftusKd;ukday;jcif;iSm c&pfawmfonfighukdukdifzrf;awmfrl\/ xkd
tusKd;ukdukdifrdjcif;iSm igajy;ívdkufao;\/ nDtpfukdwkdY? igukdifrdNyD[k
ukd,fhukdukd,frxifaomfvnf; igjyKaomtrIwpfck[lrlum;aemufus
aomt&mwkdYukdrrSwfbJ a&SUü&Sdaomt&mwkdYudkvSrf;urf;ía,½Ic&pf
tm;jzihfighukdtxuft&yfrS bk&m;ocifac:awmfrljcif;ESifhqkdifaom
qkukd&jcif;iSm; yef;wkH;wkdifokdYigtm;oGefcGefpkdufajy;ívkdufonf (i,f
12-14)/
&SifaygvkuzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;tm; vkyfaqmifMuzkdYajymjyaeaom
t&mrSmocifc&pfawmfESifh ykdío@mefwlvm&ef tm;oGefcGefpkdufajy;onfh
rdrd\pdwfoabmxm;ukd &,lMu&efjzpfonf/ &SifaygvkuolonfpkHvifpGm r&ifh
usufao;aMumif;ukdodaecJhygaomfvnf; olonfocifc&pfawmfukdwky&ef
qufvufíBudK;yrf;cJhygonf/ uREkfyfwkdY\0dnmOfa&;u@wGif uREkfyfwkdYtrSef
wu,fwkyvdkufavQmufEkdifaom yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;wnf;om&Sdonf xkdolrSmocif
a,½Ic&pfawmfjzpfonf/ ocifa,½Iwpfyg;wnf;uomvQif tjypf'kp½kdufESifh
uif;vGwfaomyuwdaumif;rGefjynfhpHkonfh toufwmukd&SifoefcJhonf/
uREkfyfwkdYonftjcm;olwpfOD;wpfa,muf\ aemufvkdufjzpfvmvQif uREkfyfwkdY
onfbk&m;ocifowfrSwfxm;aom pHcsdefpHñTef;ukdjynfhrDrnfr[kwfyg/
&SifaygvkuzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;tm; rdrd\ykHOyrmukdtwk,lvkdufavsmufMu
&efajymcJhpOfu þtcsufukdem;vnfoabmaygufxm;cJhonf/ olonfocif
c&pfawmfukdwkyaeorQ olYukdwkyMuzkdY &SifaygvkuzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;ukdtvkd
&SdcJhonf/ wdarmaotm;a&;om;ay;ykdYcJhaompmapmifwGif rdrdtaMumif;ukd
&SifaygvkuþodYkajymcJhonf-
a,½Ic&pfonftjypf&SdaomolwkdYukdu,fwifjcif;iSm þavmuokdY<u
vmawmfrlonf[laompum;onf opömpum;jzpf\/ t<uif;rJhcH,l
tyfaompum;vnf;jzpf\/ tjypf&SdaomolwdkYwGif igonftBuD;qkH;
jzpfonf (1 wd 1;15)/
&Sifaygvku rdrdukd,fukdtjypfom;rsm;ü tqkd;qkH;tjypfom;jzpfaMumif;
rnfokdYokH;oyfxm;onfukdowdjyKyg/ rdrd\vlYZmwdukdjynfhpkHjcif;ESifhpyfvsOf;í
&SifaygvkwGifvSnfhpm;vkdpdwfr&SdcJhyg/ &Sifaygvku olonftjypfom;wpf
a,mufjzpfaMumif;ukdod&SdaecJhonf/ ,aeYwGifuREkfyfwkdYvkH;yrf;ae&aomt&m
rsm;ukdolvnf;vkH;yrf;aecJh&onf/ wpfzef a&mr 7;14-15 wGif &Sifaygvku
þokdYa&;om;cJhonf-
xkdrSwpfyg;ynwfw&m;onf 0dnmOfyuwdESifhpyfqkdifonfukd igwkdY
odMu\/ igrlum;Zmwdyuwd&Sd\/ tjypfw&m;vufüaus;uRefjzpf
\/ taMumif;rlum;? igonfudk,fusifhaomtusihfukdrESpfouf? usihf
csifaomtusihfukdrusihf? &GH&Smaomtusifhukdusifh\/
okdYaomf &Sifaygvkü&SdíuREkfyfwkdYü&SdzkdY&mvkdtyfonfht&mwpfck&Sdae
vuf0g;uyfwdkif\&efolrsm; 107
106 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
tMuiftusKd;ukday;jcif;iSm c&pfawmfonfighukdukdifzrf;awmfrl\/ xkd
tusKd;ukdukdifrdjcif;iSm igajy;ívdkufao;\/ nDtpfukdwkdY? igukdifrdNyD[k
ukd,fhukdukd,frxifaomfvnf; igjyKaomtrIwpfck[lrlum;aemufus
aomt&mwkdYukdrrSwfbJ a&SUü&Sdaomt&mwkdYudkvSrf;urf;ía,½Ic&pf
tm;jzihfighukdtxuft&yfrS bk&m;ocifac:awmfrljcif;ESifhqkdifaom
qkukd&jcif;iSm; yef;wkH;wkdifokdYigtm;oGefcGefpkdufajy;ívkdufonf (i,f
12-14)/
&SifaygvkuzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;tm; vkyfaqmifMuzkdYajymjyaeaom
t&mrSmocifc&pfawmfESifh ykdío@mefwlvm&ef tm;oGefcGefpkdufajy;onfh
rdrd\pdwfoabmxm;ukd &,lMu&efjzpfonf/ &SifaygvkuolonfpkHvifpGm r&ifh
usufao;aMumif;ukdodaecJhygaomfvnf; olonfocifc&pfawmfukdwky&ef
qufvufíBudK;yrf;cJhygonf/ uREkfyfwkdY\0dnmOfa&;u@wGif uREkfyfwkdYtrSef
wu,fwkyvdkufavQmufEkdifaom yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;wnf;om&Sdonf xkdolrSmocif
a,½Ic&pfawmfjzpfonf/ ocifa,½Iwpfyg;wnf;uomvQif tjypf'kp½kdufESifh
uif;vGwfaomyuwdaumif;rGefjynfhpHkonfh toufwmukd&SifoefcJhonf/
uREkfyfwkdYonftjcm;olwpfOD;wpfa,muf\ aemufvkdufjzpfvmvQif uREkfyfwkdY
onfbk&m;ocifowfrSwfxm;aom pHcsdefpHñTef;ukdjynfhrDrnfr[kwfyg/
&SifaygvkuzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;tm; rdrd\ykHOyrmukdtwk,lvkdufavsmufMu
&efajymcJhpOfu þtcsufukdem;vnfoabmaygufxm;cJhonf/ olonfocif
c&pfawmfukdwkyaeorQ olYukdwkyMuzkdY &SifaygvkuzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;ukdtvkd
&SdcJhonf/ wdarmaotm;a&;om;ay;ykdYcJhaompmapmifwGif rdrdtaMumif;ukd
&SifaygvkuþodYkajymcJhonf-
a,½Ic&pfonftjypf&SdaomolwkdYukdu,fwifjcif;iSm þavmuokdY<u
vmawmfrlonf[laompum;onf opömpum;jzpf\/ t<uif;rJhcH,l
tyfaompum;vnf;jzpf\/ tjypf&SdaomolwdkYwGif igonftBuD;qkH;
jzpfonf (1 wd 1;15)/
&Sifaygvku rdrdukd,fukdtjypfom;rsm;ü tqkd;qkH;tjypfom;jzpfaMumif;
rnfokdYokH;oyfxm;onfukdowdjyKyg/ rdrd\vlYZmwdukdjynfhpkHjcif;ESifhpyfvsOf;í
&SifaygvkwGifvSnfhpm;vkdpdwfr&SdcJhyg/ &Sifaygvku olonftjypfom;wpf
a,mufjzpfaMumif;ukdod&SdaecJhonf/ ,aeYwGifuREkfyfwkdYvkH;yrf;ae&aomt&m
rsm;ukdolvnf;vkH;yrf;aecJh&onf/ wpfzef a&mr 7;14-15 wGif &Sifaygvku
þokdYa&;om;cJhonf-
xkdrSwpfyg;ynwfw&m;onf 0dnmOfyuwdESifhpyfqkdifonfukd igwkdY
odMu\/ igrlum;Zmwdyuwd&Sd\/ tjypfw&m;vufüaus;uRefjzpf
\/ taMumif;rlum;? igonfudk,fusifhaomtusihfukdrESpfouf? usihf
csifaomtusihfukdrusihf? &GH&Smaomtusifhukdusifh\/
okdYaomf &Sifaygvkü&SdíuREkfyfwkdYü&SdzkdY&mvkdtyfonfht&mwpfck&Sdae
vuf0g;uyfwdkif\&efolrsm; 107
106 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
onf/ xkdt&mrSm ocifa,½Iurdrdüjzpfapvkdaom t&mtm;vkH;jzpfvm&ef
ESifhocifa,½IukdykdíoduRrf;vm&ef[laom &Sifaygvk\awmufavmifae
aompdwfqE´yifjzpfonf/ &SifaygvkyuwdjynfhpkHaomolr[kwfcJhyg/ okdYaomf
olonfjynfhpkHjcif;qDokdY tm;oGefcGefpkdufajy;aeygonf/ t&mcyfodrf;üvl
trsm;uwkyvdkufavQmufrnfhykHOyrmukduREkfyfwkdYxJrSrnfolurQ wnfaqmuf
EkdifMurnfr[kwfyg/ okdYaomf uREkfyfwkdYvkyfEkdifaomt&mrSm ocifc&pfawmft
wGuf rGefjrwfaomtrIawmfü tm;oGefcGefpkdufajy;aom &Sifaygvk\ pdwfxm;
ukd&,ljcif;jzpfonf/ vlwkdYu uREkfyfwkYdtxJüjynfhpkHjcif;ukd awGYjrifcJhMuonf
r[kwfyg/ okdYaomf tm;oGefcGef pkdufajy;vkdaom þpdwfqE´ukduREkfyfwkdYüawGYjrif
apMu&rnf/ ocifc&pfawmf ukdvnf;aumif;? tjcm;olrsm;ukdvnf;aumif;
cspfjcif;ü uREkfyfwkdYwkd;yGm;aeMu onfukdjrifapMu&rnf/ þonfrSm &Sifaygvk
uzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolwkdYtm;vkduf avQmuf&efrSmMum;cJhaomt&myifjzpfonf/
&Sifaygvku zdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;tm; ocifa,½IukdoduRrf;jcif;okdY
tm;oGefcGefpkdufay;&mwGif 4if;wkYdonfvuf0g;uyfwkdifukd &efbufjyKíusihf
aomolrsm;ESifh&ifqdkifawGYMuKH&rnfhtaMumif;ukd ajymjycJhonf/ tcef;i,f 17
wGif&SifaygvkuzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;tm; ocifa,½IuolwkdYtm;ay;cJhaom
ykHoufaoESifhtnD usifhaomolrsm;ukdrSwfom;í xkdolwkdY\rGefjrwfaom
ykHOyrmukdvkdufavQmufwkyMu&efajymcJhonf/
ajrmufjrm;pGmaomolwkdYonf vuf0g;uyfwkdifukd&efbwfjyKí usifh
aomolrsm;uJhokdYaexkdifcJhMuaomaMumifh &Sifaygvk0rf;enf;aMuuGJcJh&onf
(i,f 18)/ þyk*¾dKvfrsm;tm;vkH;onf toif;awmf\jyifyü&SdaeMuonf[k
,kHMunfvQifykdíoihfawmfygvdrhfrnf/ okdYaomf &SifaygvkuajymMum;aeonfh
yk*¾dKvfrsm;rSm olwkdYtv,fokdY0ifa&mufvmaomolrsm;jzpfonf[k ,lq&
onf/ þyk*¾dKvfrsm;onf ,kHMunfolrsm;taejzihf ta&;zsm;vDS;jcif;r*Fvmukd
rcH,lvQif aumif;uifEkdifiHokdYr0ifpm;Ekdif[laom rSm;,Gif;onfht,l0g'ukdoGef
oifay;aeMuonfh &Sifaygvkuþpmapmif\tpykdif;ü azmfjyxm;aomolrsm;
jzpfEkdifygovm;/ þyk*¾dKvfrsm;onf rnfolrnf0gyifjzpfap olwkdYonftoif;
awmftwGufNcdrf;ajcmufrIwpfckjzpfaecJhMuonf/
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tm;jzihfolwkdYonf bk&m;ocifjzpfapvkdonfhtwkdif; jzpfvmMurnfjzpfonf/
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onfoifhteD;ygwf0ef;usif&Sdvlrsm;ESifhqufqH&mü xifomjrifom&Sdaeyg
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omygovm;/ &SifaygvkuzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;tm; jrJjrHpGmwnfaeMuzkdYpdefac:
wkdufwGef;cJhcsdefwGif olonf4if;wkdYtm;rdrdwkdY\,kHMunfcsufukd ppfrSefaomb0
ürnfodkY&SifoefapMu&rnfukdoif,lMu&ef pdefac:wkdufwGef;aecJhygonf/
pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
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olrsm;tcsif;csif;pdwfoabmxm;vHk;vHk;wkdufqkdifEkdifMuygrnfvm;/ þ
qufqH&if;ESD;rIrsm;ESifhpyfvsOf;í &Sifaygvkuþae&mwGif uREkfyf
wkdYtm;rnfonfht&mukd jyKvkyfMuzkdYwkdufwGef;pdefac:xm;yg onf/
·,aeYwGifoifonfocifbk&m;ü tb,frQ0rf;ajrmufaeygoenf;/
ocifbk&m;üomíBuD;rm;aom 0rf;ajrmufjcif;ukd&&SdcHpm;&ef oifhtm;
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oifhukdpdefac:wkdufwGef;ygonf/
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vkdoenf;/
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qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
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·oifh&JUpkd;&drfjcif;rsm;ukd ocifbk&m;txHyg;okdYaqmif,lvm&ef tcsdef
tenf;i,f,lyg/ bk&m;ocifonf rdrd\Nidrfoufjcif;ESifhvnf;aumif;?
oifhtm;tjrJ*½kpkdufapmihfa&Smufygrnf[laom todw&m;ESifhvnf;
aumif;oihftm;jynfhaeapzkdYawmif;avQmufyg/
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aus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;í olwkdY\trIawmfvkyfief;rsm;ü olwdkYukdaumif;BuD;
ay;&efawmif;avQmufyg/
11
cyfodrf;aomtrIYwkdYü a&mifh&JMuavmh
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zdvdyÜd 4;10-23 ukdzwf½Iyg/zdvdyÜd 4;10-23 ukdzwf½Iyg/
zdvdyÜd 4;10-23 ukdzwf½Iyg/zdvdyÜd 4;10-23 ukdzwf½Iyg/
zdvdyÜd 4;10-23 ukdzwf½Iyg/
zdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;tm;a&;om;ay;ykdYcJhaom pmapmif\aemufqkH;
tykdif;wGif&Sifaygvku ol'ku©a&mufaeonfhtcsdefü &&SdcHpm;cJhaomtaxmuf
tyHhrsm;ESifhcGeftm;ay;rIrsm;twGuf zdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;tm;aus;Zl;wifpum;
ajymcJhonf/ 'ku©a&mufcsdefonfrnfonfht&mESifhwlonfukd &Sifaygvkod&Sd
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oabmaygufcJhonf/ þtcsif;t&muzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm; olYxHokdYykdYvdkuf
aomvufaqmifypönf;rsm;tay:ü eufeufeJeJwefzkd;xm;apcJhonf/
tcef;i,f 10 wGif &SifaygvkuzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;tm; rdrdukdMunfh½I
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130 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
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oifhukdpdefac:wkdufwGef;ygonf/
·,aeYwGif oihfpdwfESvkH;xJokdY rnfonfhtawG;rsm;ukd0ifvmzkdYcGifhjyKae
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qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
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aumif;oihftm;jynfhaeapzkdYawmif;avQmufyg/
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aus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;í olwkdY\trIawmfvkyfief;rsm;ü olwdkYukdaumif;BuD;
ay;&efawmif;avQmufyg/
11
cyfodrf;aomtrIYwkdYü a&mifh&JMuavmh
___________________________________________________
zdvdyÜd 4;10-23 ukdzwf½Iyg/zdvdyÜd 4;10-23 ukdzwf½Iyg/
zdvdyÜd 4;10-23 ukdzwf½Iyg/zdvdyÜd 4;10-23 ukdzwf½Iyg/
zdvdyÜd 4;10-23 ukdzwf½Iyg/
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tykdif;wGif&Sifaygvku ol'ku©a&mufaeonfhtcsdefü &&SdcHpm;cJhaomtaxmuf
tyHhrsm;ESifhcGeftm;ay;rIrsm;twGuf zdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;tm;aus;Zl;wifpum;
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aomvufaqmifypönf;rsm;tay:ü eufeufeJeJwefzkd;xm;apcJhonf/
tcef;i,f 10 wGif &SifaygvkuzdvdyÜd,kHMunfolrsm;tm; rdrdukdMunfh½I
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130 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
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taeESifhrnfokdYqufpyfaeygoenf;/
·wif;wdrfa&mifh&Jjcif;onf tb,fhaMumifhtvGefta&;BuD;ygoenf;/
wif;wdrfa&mifh&JrIr&Sdjcif;onf rnfonfht&mukdjzpfapygoenf;/
·jyefvnf&&SdEkdifzkdYay;urf;yg[laompdwfxm;ukd ukdifwG,fajz&Sif;zkdY
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·jyefvnf&&SdzkdYay;urf;yg[laomtcsufESifh emcHjcif;tm;jzihfay;urf;yg
[laomtcsufwkdY\ uGJjym;jcm;em;csufum;tb,fenf;/
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
·,ckoifa&mufaeaomb0tajctaeukd oifwif;wdrfa&mifh&Jaeyg
ovm;? rnfokdYwif;wdrfa&mifh&J&rnfukd oifhtm;oGefoifay;zkdYocif
bk&m;xHüawmif;avQmufyg/
·bk&m;ocifonf oifhukday;urf;pGefYMuJzkdYwkdYxdaomtcgü xkdt&mukd
emcHíay;urf;pGefYMuJvkdaompdwfESvkH;ukd ay;oem;zkdYbk&m;ocifxHü
awmif;avQmufyg/
·bk&m;ocifonf rdrd\t&if;tjrpfrsm;ukd oifhtm;,kHMunftyfESHxm;
onfhtwGufaus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;yg/ xkdt&if;tjrpfrsm;onfwpfOD;wnf;
ykdifaomt&mjzpfonf[k xifrSwfcJhaomtcsdefrsm;twGuf cGifhvTwf
ay;zkdYocifbk&m;ukdawmif;avQmufyg/
140 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm cyfodrf;aomtrIYwdkYüa&mifh&JMuavmh 141
wGif toufwmajymif;vJonf/ &SifaygvktusOf;om;wpfOD;tjzpf þae&m
üaexdkifcJhpOfwGif toufwmajymif;vJcJholrsm;&Sdonf[k ,lq&onf/ bk&m;
ocifonf&SifaygvktwGuf &nf&G,fcsufwpfck&SdcJhonf/ axmifeef;pHae&csdef
wGifvnf; bk&m;ocifonf rdrd\EdkifiHawmftwGuf0dnmOfrsm;udk vufvSrf;
,l&ef&SifaygvkudktoHk;jyKcJhonf/ &Sifaygvkonf rdrdaxmifeef;pH&jcif;udkvnf;
wif;wdrfa&mifh&JcJhonf/ taMumif;rSmxdkt&yfü ocifbk&m;\&nf&G,fcsufudk
&SifaygvkawGU&SdcJhaomaMumifhjzpfonf/
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udkoGefoifay;p&mrsm;pGm&Sdaeygonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf auseyftm;&rI&Sdí 0rf;
ajrmufaeaomESvHk;om;rsm;udkay;tyfxm;Mu&rnf/ uREfkyfwdkYa&mufav&m
b0tajctaewGif bk&m;ocifudk&SmMuHMu&rnf/ uREkfyfwkdYESvkH;om;wHcg;rsm;
ukdzGifhvQif toufwmb0vrf;ü0ifa&mufvmaom ppfaMumjcif;rsm;üyif
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aumif;&SmawGYcJhMuygvdrhfrnf/ þtcsif;t&mtwGuf uREkfyfwkYd0rf;ajrmufEkdif
Muygonf/ &Sifaygvkuwif;wdrfa&mifh&Jjcif;ynmukd oif,lcJhygonf/ uREkfyfwkdY
a&moif,lNyD;NyD;vm;/
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pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;okH;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
·wif;wdrfa&mifh&Jaomolrsm;onf rdrdwkdY\b0tajctaewGif bk&m;
ocifukdawGYjrifEkdifcJhMuNyD; xkdocif\&nf&G,fcsufrsm;ü toufwmukd
qufuyftyfESHxm;EkdifcJhMuonf/ þteufzGifhqkdcsufukd oifoabm
wlygovm;? þtcsif;t&monf,aeYoifa&muf&Sdaeaomb0tajc
taeESifhrnfokdYqufpyfaeygoenf;/
·wif;wdrfa&mifh&Jjcif;onf tb,fhaMumifhtvGefta&;BuD;ygoenf;/
wif;wdrfa&mifh&JrIr&Sdjcif;onf rnfonfht&mukdjzpfapygoenf;/
·jyefvnf&&SdEkdifzkdYay;urf;yg[laompdwfxm;ukd ukdifwG,fajz&Sif;zkdY
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[laomtcsufwkdY\ uGJjym;jcm;em;csufum;tb,fenf;/
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
·,ckoifa&mufaeaomb0tajctaeukd oifwif;wdrfa&mifh&Jaeyg
ovm;? rnfokdYwif;wdrfa&mifh&J&rnfukd oifhtm;oGefoifay;zkdYocif
bk&m;xHüawmif;avQmufyg/
·bk&m;ocifonf oifhukday;urf;pGefYMuJzkdYwkdYxdaomtcgü xkdt&mukd
emcHíay;urf;pGefYMuJvkdaompdwfESvkH;ukd ay;oem;zkdYbk&m;ocifxHü
awmif;avQmufyg/
·bk&m;ocifonf rdrd\t&if;tjrpfrsm;ukd oifhtm;,kHMunftyfESHxm;
onfhtwGufaus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;yg/ xkdt&if;tjrpfrsm;onfwpfOD;wnf;
ykdifaomt&mjzpfonf[k xifrSwfcJhaomtcsdefrsm;twGuf cGifhvTwf
ay;zkdYocifbk&m;ukdawmif;avQmufyg/
140 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm cyfodrf;aomtrIYwdkYüa&mifh&JMuavmh 141
aumavmoJMo0g'pmapmifukded'gef;ysKd;jcif;
___________________________________________________________
a&;om;jyKpkola&;om;jyKpkol
a&;om;jyKpkola&;om;jyKpkol
a&;om;jyKpkol
rdrd\pmaya&;om;ykHtpOftvmtwkdif; wrefawmf&Sifaygvkuukd,fh
ukdukd,faumavmoJMo0g'pmapmiftm; a&;om;jyKpkcJholtjzpf aumavmoJ
1;1 wGifazmfjyxm;onf/ þpmapmifukda&;om;csdefwGif &Sifaygvkonfa&mr
NrdKU&SdtusOf;axmifxJ&SdaecJhonf/ &Sifaygvku rdrd\pmzwfolwkdYtm; ]]igESifh
twltusOf;cH&aomoltm&dwåmck}} uolwkdYtm;vkH;ukdEIwfqufygonf[k
ajymxm;aom aumavmoJ 4;10 &Sd rSwfcsuftm;jzihf þtcsif;t&mrSmod
omxif&Sm;aeygonf/ xkdYtjyif &Sifaygvkuvnf; aumavmoJNrdKU&Sd,kHMunf
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arhaeMuzkdYawmif;qkdcJhonf (aumavmoJ 4;18)/
aemufcHtaMumif;t&maemufcHtaMumif;t&m
aemufcHtaMumif;t&maemufcHtaMumif;t&m
aemufcHtaMumif;t&m
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aumavmoJMo0g'pmapmifukded'gef;ysKd;jcif;
___________________________________________________________
a&;om;jyKpkola&;om;jyKpkol
a&;om;jyKpkola&;om;jyKpkol
a&;om;jyKpkol
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NrdKU&SdtusOf;axmifxJ&SdaecJhonf/ &Sifaygvku rdrd\pmzwfolwkdYtm; ]]igESifh
twltusOf;cH&aomoltm&dwåmck}} uolwkdYtm;vkH;ukdEIwfqufygonf[k
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arhaeMuzkdYawmif;qkdcJhonf (aumavmoJ 4;18)/
aemufcHtaMumif;t&maemufcHtaMumif;t&m
aemufcHtaMumif;t&maemufcHtaMumif;t&m
aemufcHtaMumif;t&m
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wkdYukdMum;odcJhNyD; olwkdYtwGufykHrSefqkawmif;ay;cJhonf (1;4-9)/
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aomuRefcsif;}}[kac:a0:cJhonf (aumavmoJ 1;7)/
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pmapmifwGif &Sifaygvku{yjzmtm; ]]igESifhtwltusOf;cH&aom}}ol[kac:qkd
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(aumavmoJ 4;12)/ wkcdwfonfMoaeodrfESifhtwl þpmapmifukd&Sifayg
vkxHrS aumavmoJ,kH Munfolrsm;qDokdY,lvmcJhonf (aumavmoJ 4;7-
9)/
aumavmoJNrdKUü rSm;,Gif;aomrdpämq&mrsm;vSnfhvnfoGm;vmae
aMumif;ukdt&dwft>ruftaejzihf þpmapmifwpfckvkH;wGifawGY&onf/ aum
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ynm}} wkdY\xdef;csKyfuRefjyKjcif;ukdrcHMuzkdY pdefac:wkdufwGef;cJhonf/ ,k'vlrsKd;
wkdY\ynwfw&m;ukdOD;pm;ay;&Sifoefwwfjcif;oabm (aumavmoJ 2;16-
17)ESifh aumif;uifwrefrsm;ukdukd;uG,fjcif; (aumavmoJ 2;18)rsm;ukdvnf;
ukd;um;azmfjyxm;onf/ toif;awmfonf þrSm;,Gif;rIrsm;üom;aumifjzpf
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aumavmoJ,kHMunfolrsm;onf ocifa,½IESifhxkdocifjyKvkyfcJhaom
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Mu,faomtoufwmjzihf &SifoefaexkdifMu&ef vufawGYusaomoGefoifvrf;
ñTefcsuftcsKdUukdazmfjyay;xm;onf/ &Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,kHMunfol
rsm;tm;azmufjyefysufpD;aeaom ZmwdoabmwGifaojcif;jzihf oefY&Sif;pif
Mu,faomtoufwmjzifhtouf&Sifí wpfOD;ukdwpfOD;cspfjcif;arwåmüquf
uyftyfESHxm;MuzkdYwkdufwGef;pdefac:cJhonf/ &Sifaygvk\pdwfqE´rSm þ,kHMunf
olrsm;wpfOD;ukdwpfOD;cspfjcif;ü qufvufíomvGefaumif;rGefaeMu&efyifjzpf
onf/
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,aeYacwfumvtwGufþpmapmiftokH;0ifykH
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aomtoif;awmfwpfyg;jzpfaomfvnf; olwkdYonfrSm;,Gifo;aomoGefoif
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EIwfuywfawmfor®mw&m;rS aoGz,fvrf;vTJoGm;&eftvGefwuf<upGmvIyf&Sm;
aeonfhtaMumif; þpmapmifuuREkfyfwkdYukdjyoxm;onf/ aumavmoJ
144 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm aumavmoJMo0g'pmapmifudked'gef;ysKd;jcif; 145
txm;rsm;r&Sdaomfvnf; &SifaygvkonfolwdYk\,kHMunfcsufESifh cspfjcif;arwåm
wkdYukdMum;odcJhNyD; olwkdYtwGufykHrSefqkawmif;ay;cJhonf (1;4-9)/
toif;awmfüt"du0dnmOfa&;acgif;aqmifrSm {yjz[kac:aomtrsKd;
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aomuRefcsif;}}[kac:a0:cJhonf (aumavmoJ 1;7)/
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pmapmifwGif &Sifaygvku{yjzmtm; ]]igESifhtwltusOf;cH&aom}}ol[kac:qkd
cJhonf (zdavrkef 1;23)/ þtcsufuuREkfyfwkdYtm;ajymjyaeonfrSmaum
avmoJMo0g'pmapmiftm;a&;om;aecsdefwGif {yjzonf&SifaygvkESifh
twltusOf;pHaecJh[ef&Sdonf[laomtcsufjzpfonf/ &Sifaygvkonf{yjz\
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pkd;&drfylyefvsuf tpOfqkawmif;ay;cJhaMumif; &SifaygvkuajymcJhonf
(aumavmoJ 4;12)/ wkcdwfonfMoaeodrfESifhtwl þpmapmifukd&Sifayg
vkxHrS aumavmoJ,kH Munfolrsm;qDokdY,lvmcJhonf (aumavmoJ 4;7-
9)/
aumavmoJNrdKUü rSm;,Gif;aomrdpämq&mrsm;vSnfhvnfoGm;vmae
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ynm}} wkdY\xdef;csKyfuRefjyKjcif;ukdrcHMuzkdY pdefac:wkdufwGef;cJhonf/ ,k'vlrsKd;
wkdY\ynwfw&m;ukdOD;pm;ay;&Sifoefwwfjcif;oabm (aumavmoJ 2;16-
17)ESifh aumif;uifwrefrsm;ukdukd;uG,fjcif; (aumavmoJ 2;18)rsm;ukdvnf;
ukd;um;azmfjyxm;onf/ toif;awmfonf þrSm;,Gif;rIrsm;üom;aumifjzpf
roGm;rnfhtaMumif; &SifaygvkESifh{yjzwkdYtwGuf tvGefta&;BuD;onf/
aumavmoJ,kHMunfolrsm;onf ocifa,½IESifhxkdocifjyKvkyfcJhaom
trIawmfukdtm½kHpkdufí NrdKUxJüusifvnfaeaom rdpämq&mrsm;aMumifhvrf;vTJ
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BuD; 3 ESifh 4 wGif &Sifaygvku c&pf,meftokdif;t0kdif;twGif;ü oefY&Sif;pif
Mu,faomtoufwmjzihf &SifoefaexkdifMu&ef vufawGYusaomoGefoifvrf;
ñTefcsuftcsKdUukdazmfjyay;xm;onf/ &Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,kHMunfol
rsm;tm;azmufjyefysufpD;aeaom ZmwdoabmwGifaojcif;jzihf oefY&Sif;pif
Mu,faomtoufwmjzifhtouf&Sifí wpfOD;ukdwpfOD;cspfjcif;arwåmüquf
uyftyfESHxm;MuzkdYwkdufwGef;pdefac:cJhonf/ &Sifaygvk\pdwfqE´rSm þ,kHMunf
olrsm;wpfOD;ukdwpfOD;cspfjcif;ü qufvufíomvGefaumif;rGefaeMu&efyifjzpf
onf/
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,aeYacwfumvtwGufþpmapmiftokH;0ifykH,aeYacwfumvtwGufþpmapmiftokH;0ifykH
,aeYacwfumvtwGufþpmapmiftokH;0ifykH
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aomtoif;awmfwpfyg;jzpfaomfvnf; olwkdYonfrSm;,Gifo;aomoGefoif
csufrsm;\0ef;&Hxm;jcif;ukdcHaeMu&onf/ &efolonfbk&m;ocif\vlrsm;ukd
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aeonfhtaMumif; þpmapmifuuREkfyfwkdYukdjyoxm;onf/ aumavmoJ
144 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm aumavmoJMo0g'pmapmifudked'gef;ysKd;jcif; 145
Mo0g'pmapmifonf ,aeYacwftoif;awmfrsm;pGmü jzpfysufaeaomynwf
w&m;ukdOD;pm;ay;vkdufemjcif;0g'bufü ukdif;ñTwfaerIrsm;ukdajymjyxm;NyD;
ocifc&pfawmftwGuf uREkfyfwkdYvkyfaqmifay;Ekdifaomt&mrsm;ür[kwf?
ocifc&pfawmfuuREkfyfwkdYtwGuf vkyfoGm;cJhNyD;aomt&mü uREkfyfwkdY\pdwfcs
,kHMunfrIukdtjynfht0xm;Mu&ef pdefac:wkdufwGef;xm;ygonf/ þpmapmif
wGif&Sifaygvku,kHMunfolrsm; rdwfo[m,zGJYjcif;ü aexkdifvIyf&Sm;jcif;wkdY\
t"dyÜg,fESifhpyfvsOf;í ta&;BuD;aomoGefoifvrf;ñTefcsufrsm;ukday;xm;
onf/ or®mw&m;ukdumuG,fapmihfa&Smufí wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD;cspfjcif;arwåmü
vnf;aumif;? qufuyftyfESHrIüvnf;aumif; avQmufvSrf;&SifoefMu&ef þ
pmapmif,aeYacwfuREkfyfwkdYtoif;awmftwGuf pdefac:rIwpfckjzpfonf/
12
aumavmoJwdkY\ ,kHMunfjcif;ESifhcspfjcif;
___________________________________________________
zdvdyÜd 1;1;-12 ukdzwf½Iyg/zdvdyÜd 1;1;-12 ukdzwf½Iyg/
zdvdyÜd 1;1;-12 ukdzwf½Iyg/zdvdyÜd 1;1;-12 ukdzwf½Iyg/
zdvdyÜd 1;1;-12 ukdzwf½Iyg/
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12
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___________________________________________________
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a&;om;cJhonf/ þtcsif;t&mudk uGJjym;aomenf;vrf;ESpfoG,fjzihf jynfhpHk
apEkdifonf/ xdkenf;vrf;ESpfoG,frSm or®musrf;pmü bk&m;ocifudk&SmMuHjcif;
ESihf EIwfuywfawmfor®musrf;pmudkemcHjcif;übk&m;ocifudk awGUMuHKcHpm;jcif;
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twGuf or®musrf;pmudkavhvmjcif;onf aumif;aomt&mjzpfaomfvnf;
xdkor®mw&m;\ppfrSefrIudk oifh&JUaeYpOftoufwmüawGUMuHKcHpm;jcif;r&SdvQif
oifonfbk&m;ocifudktrSefwu,froduRrf;yg/ oifonfbk&m;ocif\
cspfjcif;arwåmtaMumif;udkzwf½Ií xdkt&mudkpdwfxJwGifodaeEkdifygaomf
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cspfjcif;arwåmudktrSefrodcJhao;yg/ bk&m;ocifonf ,HkMunfolrsm;tm;
trIawmfürnfodkYtpGrf;tpvkyfydkifcGifhudkay;í vdktyfcsuftoD;oD;udkrnfodkY
axmufyHhay;urf;cJhaMumif;udkzwf½IEkdifaomfvnf; xdkt&mudkudk,fawGYMuHKawGU
cHpm;jcif;r&Sdrcsif; oifonfþt&mudktrSefwu,frodao;yg/ bk&m;ocifudk
oduRrf;jcif;OmPfwdk;yGm;jcif;onf bk&m;ocifESihfqkdifaom or®mw&m;udk
oduRrf;em;vnfjcif;omr[kwf? xdkt&mudkvufawGUb0ü awGUMuHKcHpm;jcif;
vnf;jzpfonf/
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ociftm;t&m&mü auseyftm;&apzdkYqdkvQif olwdkYonfbk&m;ocifwefcdk;
awmf\ cGeftm;tpGrf;tpay;oem;jcif;udk vdktyfMuvdrfhrnf[kajymcJhonf
(i,f 11)/ olwdkYonfcHEkdif&nf&Sdjcif;? cGihfvTwfonf;cHjcif;? aus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;
jcif;ponft&moHk;cktwGuf bk&m;ocif\wefcdk;awmfudk vdktyfcJhMuonf/
BuD;rm;aomcHEkdif&nf&SdzdkY tm;opfoGef;avmif;ay;jcif;udk olwdkYvdktyfcJhonf/
bk&m;ocifuolwdkYudkqihfac:í vkyfaqmifapaomtrIawmfonf vG,ful
oufomaomtrIjzpfrnfr[kwfyg/ cufcJyifyef;jcif;ESihf ppfaMumjcif;wdkYudk
vrf;wpfavQmufwGif &ifqkdifawGUMuHKMu&rnf/ xdkYaMumifholwdkYonf t&m&mü
bk&m;ocifudkauseyftm;&apvdkMuvQif tcuftcJudktqHk;wkdifMuHUMuHUcH
&ifqkdifoGm;EkdifzdkY cGeftm;opfrsm;oGef;avmif;ay;jcif;udk vdktyfcJhMuonf/
pdwf&Snfonf;cHjcif;&SdzdkYvnf; olwdkYonfcGeftm;opfrsm;oGef;avmif;
ay;jcif;udkvdktyfcJhMuonf/ pdwf&Snfonf;cHjcif;qdkonfrSm av;vHaom0ef
xkyfwpfck\atmufwGif vufavsmht½HI;ay;jcif;r&SdyJ wif;cHaeEkdifaomtpGrf;
tpjzpfonf/ txufrSzdtm;rsm;ESihfxdk;vmNyD; tajctaersm;cufcJvmaom
tcsdefwGif aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;onf bk&m;ocifuolwdkYudk ajzvTwf
ray;rcsif; (odkY) xdkt&mtm;jzihf NyD;ajrmufapzdkY&nf&G,fxm;csufrsm;tm;vHk;
rNyD;ajrmufrcsif; xdkzdtm;atmufüqufvuf&Sifoefae&ef BuD;rm;aom
pdwf&Snfonf;cHjcif;&SdzdkYvdktyfcJhMuygrnf/ xdkzdtm;rsm;atmufü&Sdaeomtcsdef
rsm;wGif bk&m;ocifonfolwdkYudkyHkpHoGif;jyKjyifí cGeftm;opfrsm;oGef;avmif;
ay;cJhygvdrfhrnf/ aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;onf rdrdwdkY&ifqkdif&aom
jyóemrsm;udka&Smifajy;roGm;bJ? xdkjyóemrsm;onf ocifc&pfawmfü olwdkY
\jr§KyfESHxm;rIESihf qHk;jzwftyfESHxm;rIrsm;udk cdkifrmvmaprnfhtaMumif;
&Sifaygvku qkawmif;cJhonf/ oifonfc&pf,mefwpfOD;jzpfvQif qefYusif
wdkufvSefrIrsm;udkMuHKawGU&ygrnf/ bk&m;ocifudkt&m&mwkdif;ü auseyftm;&
apvdkvQif xdkqefYusifwdkufvSefjcif;udk oihftm;cGeftm;opfoGef;avmif;ap&
ygvdrfhrnf/ oifonfxdkt&mudka&Smifajy;ír&yg/ xdkt&müopöm&Sd&Sdaeae&
ygrnf/
aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;onf 0rf;ajrmufpGmjzihfbk&m;ocifudk
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wdkYjzpfonf/ bk&m;ociftaMumif;omíoduRrf;em;vnf&ef &nf&G,fcsuf
twGuf or®musrf;pmudkavhvmjcif;onf aumif;aomt&mjzpfaomfvnf;
xdkor®mw&m;\ppfrSefrIudk oifh&JUaeYpOftoufwmüawGUMuHKcHpm;jcif;r&SdvQif
oifonfbk&m;ocifudktrSefwu,froduRrf;yg/ oifonfbk&m;ocif\
cspfjcif;arwåmtaMumif;udkzwf½Ií xdkt&mudkpdwfxJwGifodaeEkdifygaomf
vnf; xdkt&mudkvufawGUtoufwmü rcHpm;rcsif;oifonf bk&m;ocif\
cspfjcif;arwåmudktrSefrodcJhao;yg/ bk&m;ocifonf ,HkMunfolrsm;tm;
trIawmfürnfodkYtpGrf;tpvkyfydkifcGifhudkay;í vdktyfcsuftoD;oD;udkrnfodkY
axmufyHhay;urf;cJhaMumif;udkzwf½IEkdifaomfvnf; xdkt&mudkudk,fawGYMuHKawGU
cHpm;jcif;r&Sdrcsif; oifonfþt&mudktrSefwu,frodao;yg/ bk&m;ocifudk
oduRrf;jcif;OmPfwdk;yGm;jcif;onf bk&m;ocifESihfqkdifaom or®mw&m;udk
oduRrf;em;vnfjcif;omr[kwf? xdkt&mudkvufawGUb0ü awGUMuHKcHpm;jcif;
vnf;jzpfonf/
wwd,taejzihf &Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;udk bk&m;
ociftm;t&m&mü auseyftm;&apzdkYqdkvQif olwdkYonfbk&m;ocifwefcdk;
awmf\ cGeftm;tpGrf;tpay;oem;jcif;udk vdktyfMuvdrfhrnf[kajymcJhonf
(i,f 11)/ olwdkYonfcHEkdif&nf&Sdjcif;? cGihfvTwfonf;cHjcif;? aus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;
jcif;ponft&moHk;cktwGuf bk&m;ocif\wefcdk;awmfudk vdktyfcJhMuonf/
BuD;rm;aomcHEkdif&nf&SdzdkY tm;opfoGef;avmif;ay;jcif;udk olwdkYvdktyfcJhonf/
bk&m;ocifuolwdkYudkqihfac:í vkyfaqmifapaomtrIawmfonf vG,ful
oufomaomtrIjzpfrnfr[kwfyg/ cufcJyifyef;jcif;ESihf ppfaMumjcif;wdkYudk
vrf;wpfavQmufwGif &ifqkdifawGUMuHKMu&rnf/ xdkYaMumifholwdkYonf t&m&mü
bk&m;ocifudkauseyftm;&apvdkMuvQif tcuftcJudktqHk;wkdifMuHUMuHUcH
&ifqkdifoGm;EkdifzdkY cGeftm;opfrsm;oGef;avmif;ay;jcif;udk vdktyfcJhMuonf/
pdwf&Snfonf;cHjcif;&SdzdkYvnf; olwdkYonfcGeftm;opfrsm;oGef;avmif;
ay;jcif;udkvdktyfcJhMuonf/ pdwf&Snfonf;cHjcif;qdkonfrSm av;vHaom0ef
xkyfwpfck\atmufwGif vufavsmht½HI;ay;jcif;r&SdyJ wif;cHaeEkdifaomtpGrf;
tpjzpfonf/ txufrSzdtm;rsm;ESihfxdk;vmNyD; tajctaersm;cufcJvmaom
tcsdefwGif aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;onf bk&m;ocifuolwdkYudk ajzvTwf
ray;rcsif; (odkY) xdkt&mtm;jzihf NyD;ajrmufapzdkY&nf&G,fxm;csufrsm;tm;vHk;
rNyD;ajrmufrcsif; xdkzdtm;atmufüqufvuf&Sifoefae&ef BuD;rm;aom
pdwf&Snfonf;cHjcif;&SdzdkYvdktyfcJhMuygrnf/ xdkzdtm;rsm;atmufü&Sdaeomtcsdef
rsm;wGif bk&m;ocifonfolwdkYudkyHkpHoGif;jyKjyifí cGeftm;opfrsm;oGef;avmif;
ay;cJhygvdrfhrnf/ aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;onf rdrdwdkY&ifqkdif&aom
jyóemrsm;udka&Smifajy;roGm;bJ? xdkjyóemrsm;onf ocifc&pfawmfü olwdkY
\jr§KyfESHxm;rIESihf qHk;jzwftyfESHxm;rIrsm;udk cdkifrmvmaprnfhtaMumif;
&Sifaygvku qkawmif;cJhonf/ oifonfc&pf,mefwpfOD;jzpfvQif qefYusif
wdkufvSefrIrsm;udkMuHKawGU&ygrnf/ bk&m;ocifudkt&m&mwkdif;ü auseyftm;&
apvdkvQif xdkqefYusifwdkufvSefjcif;udk oihftm;cGeftm;opfoGef;avmif;ap&
ygvdrfhrnf/ oifonfxdkt&mudka&Smifajy;ír&yg/ xdkt&müopöm&Sd&Sdaeae&
ygrnf/
aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;onf 0rf;ajrmufpGmjzihfbk&m;ocifudk
156 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm aumavmoJwdkY\,HkMunfjcif;ESifhcspfjcif; 157
aus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;Ekdif&ef cGeftm;opfoGef;avmif;ay;jcif;udkvdktyfcJhMuygvdrfh
rnf/ 0rf;ajrmufjcif;udkMum&Snfxdef;odrf;xm;&efrSmrvG,fyg/ tcuftcJrsm;
MuHKawGUvmaomtcgwGif obm0tm;jzihfvkyfavhvkyfx&Sdaomt&mrSm rtD
romnOf;wGm;jcif;ESihf rausreyfwkdifwef;jcif;wdkYjzpfonf/ odkYaomfolwdkYonf
bk&m;ocifudkt&m&müauseyftm;&apvdkvQif aus;Zl;odwwfaomolrsm;
jzpf&ayrnf/ rnfolurQbk&m;ocifudknOf;wGm;jcif;ESihf oHo,yGm;jcif;wdkYjzihf
rauseyfapEkdifyg/ bk&m;ocifonf olwdkYMuHKawGUae&aomppfaMumjcif;rsm;
tm;jzihf rdrd\&nf&G,fcsufrsm;udk txajrmufjynfhpHkapaeaomaMumifh
aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;onf aus;Zl;wifwwfaompdwf&SdMuzdkYvdktyfcJh
onf/ tjcm;pdwfaeoabmxm;rsm;u bk&m;ocif\&n&G,fcsufrsm;udk
rjynfhpHkapaomaMumifh olwdkYonfaus;Zl;wifwwfaompdwfudk&Sdxm;MuzdkYvdk
tyfonf/
aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;taejzihf ajrmufrsm;pGmaomt&mrsm;
twGuf aus;Zl;wifaeMu&rnfhtaMumif; &Sifaygvkujyefvnftoday;&if;
ed*Hk;csKyfxm;onf/ tcef;i,f 12 wGif &Sifaygvku olwdkYtm; oefY&Sif;olwdkY\
EkdifiHawmftarGudkqufqH0ifpm;&ef bk&m;ocifuolwdkYudkt&nftcsif;jynfhrD
apcJhaMumif;ajymcJhonf/ olwdkYudk,fwkdift&nftcsif;rjynfhrDapEkdifcJhyg/
t&nftcsif;jynfhrDjcif;udk bk&m;ocifujyKvkyfcJhygonf/ bk&m;ocifu þ
t&mudk rdrd\om;awmftm;jzihfjyKvkyfcJhygonf/ rdrd\om;awmfocifa,½I
tm;jzihf bk&m;ocifonf aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;\tjypfudkcGihfvTwf
ay;cJhírdrd\om;orD;rsm;tjzpfjyKvkyf zefwD;cJhonf/ bk&m;ocif\cGihfvTwf
jcif;cHom;orD;rsm;jzpfMuonfhtm;avsmfpGm olwdkYonfbk&m;ocifhtvif;EkdifiH
awmfü tarGcHxdkufolrsm;jzpfvmMuonf/
aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;rdrdwdkY\,HkMunfjcif;ü wdk;yGm;vmjcif;udk
&SifaygvkawGUjrifvdkcJhonf/ ocifc&pfawmfüolwdkYajymif;vJvmMujcif;
oufoufudkomawGUjrif&ef&Sifaygvkrwif;wdrfcJhyg/ &SifaygvkuolwdkYudk &ihf
usufíolwdkYübk&m;ocif&nf&G,fxm;onfhtwkdif;jzpfvmMuzdkY vdkcsifcJhonf/
tvm;wlpdwfqE´rsdK;&Sifaygvku uREfkyfwdkYtm;vHk;tay:üvnf;xm;&SdcJhygrnf/
uREfkyfwdkYonfbk&m;ocifudkoduRrf;jcif;OmPfüvnf;aumif;? awGUMuHKcHpm;jcif;
üvnf;aumif; wdk;yGm;aeMuygovm;/ uREfkyfwdkYonf uREfkyfwdkY\toufwm
twGufxm;&Sdaombk&m;ocif\ tHhzG,f&nf&G,fcsufudkoduRrf;jcif;ESihf awGU
MuHKcHpm;jcif;wdkYü wdk;yGm;aeMuygovm;/
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
·uREfkyfwdkY\arQmfvihfjcif;onf uREfkyfwdkY\,HkMunfjcif;udk rnfodkYcGeftm;
ay;oefrmapygoenf;/ Oyrmwpfckjzihf&Sif;jyyg/
·½dk;&Sif;aomowif;aumif;w&m;awmf\ wefcdk;awmfESihfywfoufí
þae&mwGif uREfkyfwdkYrnfonfht&mudkoif,l&ygoenf;/
·oifhudku,fwif&mü bk&m;ocif\oD;oefY&nf&G,fcsufum;tb,f
enf;/ bk&m;ocifonfoihftm;rnfonfht&mudkjyKvkyfzdkY (odkY) rnfol
jzpfvmzdkYqifhac:cJhygoenf;/
·,HkMunfolwpfOD;taejzihf rnfonfhppfaMumjcif;rsm;udk MuHUMuHUcH&ifqkdif
aumavmoJwdkY\,HkMunfjcif;ESifhcspfjcif; 159158 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
aus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;Ekdif&ef cGeftm;opfoGef;avmif;ay;jcif;udkvdktyfcJhMuygvdrfh
rnf/ 0rf;ajrmufjcif;udkMum&Snfxdef;odrf;xm;&efrSmrvG,fyg/ tcuftcJrsm;
MuHKawGUvmaomtcgwGif obm0tm;jzihfvkyfavhvkyfx&Sdaomt&mrSm rtD
romnOf;wGm;jcif;ESihf rausreyfwkdifwef;jcif;wdkYjzpfonf/ odkYaomfolwdkYonf
bk&m;ocifudkt&m&müauseyftm;&apvdkvQif aus;Zl;odwwfaomolrsm;
jzpf&ayrnf/ rnfolurQbk&m;ocifudknOf;wGm;jcif;ESihf oHo,yGm;jcif;wdkYjzihf
rauseyfapEkdifyg/ bk&m;ocifonf olwdkYMuHKawGUae&aomppfaMumjcif;rsm;
tm;jzihf rdrd\&nf&G,fcsufrsm;udk txajrmufjynfhpHkapaeaomaMumifh
aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;onf aus;Zl;wifwwfaompdwf&SdMuzdkYvdktyfcJh
onf/ tjcm;pdwfaeoabmxm;rsm;u bk&m;ocif\&n&G,fcsufrsm;udk
rjynfhpHkapaomaMumifh olwdkYonfaus;Zl;wifwwfaompdwfudk&Sdxm;MuzdkYvdk
tyfonf/
aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;taejzihf ajrmufrsm;pGmaomt&mrsm;
twGuf aus;Zl;wifaeMu&rnfhtaMumif; &Sifaygvkujyefvnftoday;&if;
ed*Hk;csKyfxm;onf/ tcef;i,f 12 wGif &Sifaygvku olwdkYtm; oefY&Sif;olwdkY\
EkdifiHawmftarGudkqufqH0ifpm;&ef bk&m;ocifuolwdkYudkt&nftcsif;jynfhrD
apcJhaMumif;ajymcJhonf/ olwdkYudk,fwkdift&nftcsif;rjynfhrDapEkdifcJhyg/
t&nftcsif;jynfhrDjcif;udk bk&m;ocifujyKvkyfcJhygonf/ bk&m;ocifu þ
t&mudk rdrd\om;awmftm;jzihfjyKvkyfcJhygonf/ rdrd\om;awmfocifa,½I
tm;jzihf bk&m;ocifonf aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;\tjypfudkcGihfvTwf
ay;cJhírdrd\om;orD;rsm;tjzpfjyKvkyf zefwD;cJhonf/ bk&m;ocif\cGihfvTwf
jcif;cHom;orD;rsm;jzpfMuonfhtm;avsmfpGm olwdkYonfbk&m;ocifhtvif;EkdifiH
awmfü tarGcHxdkufolrsm;jzpfvmMuonf/
aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;rdrdwdkY\,HkMunfjcif;ü wdk;yGm;vmjcif;udk
&SifaygvkawGUjrifvdkcJhonf/ ocifc&pfawmfüolwdkYajymif;vJvmMujcif;
oufoufudkomawGUjrif&ef&Sifaygvkrwif;wdrfcJhyg/ &SifaygvkuolwdkYudk &ihf
usufíolwdkYübk&m;ocif&nf&G,fxm;onfhtwkdif;jzpfvmMuzdkY vdkcsifcJhonf/
tvm;wlpdwfqE´rsdK;&Sifaygvku uREfkyfwdkYtm;vHk;tay:üvnf;xm;&SdcJhygrnf/
uREfkyfwdkYonfbk&m;ocifudkoduRrf;jcif;OmPfüvnf;aumif;? awGUMuHKcHpm;jcif;
üvnf;aumif; wdk;yGm;aeMuygovm;/ uREfkyfwdkYonf uREfkyfwdkY\toufwm
twGufxm;&Sdaombk&m;ocif\ tHhzG,f&nf&G,fcsufudkoduRrf;jcif;ESihf awGU
MuHKcHpm;jcif;wdkYü wdk;yGm;aeMuygovm;/
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
·uREfkyfwdkY\arQmfvihfjcif;onf uREfkyfwdkY\,HkMunfjcif;udk rnfodkYcGeftm;
ay;oefrmapygoenf;/ Oyrmwpfckjzihf&Sif;jyyg/
·½dk;&Sif;aomowif;aumif;w&m;awmf\ wefcdk;awmfESihfywfoufí
þae&mwGif uREfkyfwdkYrnfonfht&mudkoif,l&ygoenf;/
·oifhudku,fwif&mü bk&m;ocif\oD;oefY&nf&G,fcsufum;tb,f
enf;/ bk&m;ocifonfoihftm;rnfonfht&mudkjyKvkyfzdkY (odkY) rnfol
jzpfvmzdkYqifhac:cJhygoenf;/
·,HkMunfolwpfOD;taejzihf rnfonfhppfaMumjcif;rsm;udk MuHUMuHUcH&ifqkdif
aumavmoJwdkY\,HkMunfjcif;ESifhcspfjcif; 159158 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
zdkYbk&m;ocifoihfudkqihfac:cJhygoenf;/
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
·oifhtm;ay;oem;cJhaom aumif;uifbHküwnfonfh arQmfvihfjcif;
twGuf ocifbk&m;udkaus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;yg/
·oihftoufwmtwGufMuHpnfxm;aom bk&m;ocif\&nf&G,fcsuf
rsm;ESihf tMuHtpnfrsm;udk &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;odomzdkYawmif;avQmuf
yg/
·oihf&JU0rf;ajrmufjcif;pdwfESihf aus;Zl;wifwwfjcif;pdwfwdkYudk wdk;yGm;
vmap&ef bk&m;ocifudkawmif;avQmufyg/
·bk&m;ocifudktodOmPfoufouftm;jzihf oduRrf;jcif;r[kwfbJ?
bk&m;ocif\jzpfwnfrItrSefudk aeYpOftoufwmüawGUMuHKcHpm;Ekdif
&ef pGrf;aqmifay;zdkYbk&m;ocifudkawmif;avQmufyg/
1313
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olonfolonf
olonfolonf
olonf
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(a[ma&S 4;1-3)/
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aMuysufpD;Mu&onf/ aumif;uifxufrSiSufwdkYESihf awmrSom;&JwdkYonfvnf;
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tcg uREfkyfwdkY\toufwmüomtajymif;tvJrsm;jzpfvmonfr[kwf? uREfkyf
wdkY\wkdif;jynfwGifvnf; tajymif;tvJrsm;&Sdvmonf/ 6 &m 7;13-14 rS
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cspf&aomolrsm;oihfü&SdaevQif xdkolwdkYudkajzvTwfay;zdkY ocifbk&m;
udkawmif;avQmufyg/
1414
1414
14
pHkvifjcif;odkYa&mufí qufotHhaomiSmpHkvifjcif;odkYa&mufí qufotHhaomiSm
pHkvifjcif;odkYa&mufí qufotHhaomiSmpHkvifjcif;odkYa&mufí qufotHhaomiSm
pHkvifjcif;odkYa&mufí qufotHhaomiSm
__________________________________________________________
aumavmoJ 1;21-29 udk zwf½IygaumavmoJ 1;21-29 udk zwf½Iyg
aumavmoJ 1;21-29 udk zwf½IygaumavmoJ 1;21-29 udk zwf½Iyg
aumavmoJ 1;21-29 udk zwf½Iyg
&Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;tm; om;awmfa,½I\
um;wkdifxufütaocHjcif;tm;jzihf t&mcyfodrf;udkrdrdESihfjyefvnfoihfjrwfap
&efrSm crnf;awmf\pdwfqE´jzpfaMumif;ajymjycJhonf/ owif;aumif;w&m;
awmftm;jzihf bk&m;ocifESihfjyefvnfoihfjrwfcJhMuaomolrsm; aumavmoJ
NrdKUwGif&SdcJhMuonf/ þyk*¾dKvfrsm;onf ocifa,½IjyKcJhaomtrIudkvufcH
,HkMunfcJhMuNyD; crnf;awmfESihftrSefuefqHk;aomqufqH&if;ESD;cGihfü jyefvnf
xm;&Sdjcif;udkcHMu&onf/ &Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;tm; u,f
wifjcif;[laomt&monf tpyxrydkif;omjzpfaMumif;udkajymjycJhonf/ olwdkY
onf bk&m;ocif\trsufawmf&Sjcif;rSu,fwifjcif;udkcHxm;&aomaMumifh
xdkbk&m;ocifESihf qufqH&if;ESD;rIwGif wdk;wufBuD;xGm;vmMuzdkYvdktyfonf/
c&pfawmf\udk,fcE¨mudk ocifbk&m;ESihfqHkawGUap&efjyifqifzdkYrsm rdrd\trI
awmfjzpfaMumif;&SifaygvkcHpm;cJhonf/ olonfaumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;udk
174 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
tay:ü pdwfESvHk;wHcg;rsm;udkzGihfxm;&ef tb,faMumifhtcuftcJ
awGUaeMuygoenf;/
·arSmifrdkuf\xdef;csKyfpdk;rdk;rIatmufü&Sdaejcif;onf rnfonfht&mESihf
wloenf;/ bk&m;ociftjrwfEdk;qHk;aomom;awmf\ EdkifiHü EdkifiHom;
jzpf&jcif;onf oihftoufwmürnfonfhtajymif;tvJrsm;udk zefwD;
cJhygoenf;/
·zefqif;jcif;tay:ü&Sdaom tjypf'kp½dkuf\oufa&mufrIum; tb,f
enf;/
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
·arSmifrdkufwefcdk;rS oihfudku,f,l&mü ocifa,½IjyKvkyfcJhaomt&m
twGuf aus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;yg/
·þarSmifrdkufwefcdk;udkoihfudku,f,lcJhonfhtjypfudk oifrodvQif ,aeY
wGifoihftm;ajzvTwfay;&ef ocifbk&m;udkawmif;avQmufyg/
·ocifc&pfawmfü rnfonfhaumif;BuD;r*Fvmxl;udk oifvufcH&&SdcJh
ygoenf;/ þaumif;BuD;r*FvmtwGuf aus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;&eftcsdef
tenf;i,f,lyg/
·arSmifrdkufwefcdk;\atmufü ,aeYwkdif&Sdaeaom rdwfaqGrsm; (odkY)
cspf&aomolrsm;oihfü&SdaevQif xdkolwdkYudkajzvTwfay;zdkY ocifbk&m;
udkawmif;avQmufyg/
1414
1414
14
pHkvifjcif;odkYa&mufí qufotHhaomiSmpHkvifjcif;odkYa&mufí qufotHhaomiSm
pHkvifjcif;odkYa&mufí qufotHhaomiSmpHkvifjcif;odkYa&mufí qufotHhaomiSm
pHkvifjcif;odkYa&mufí qufotHhaomiSm
__________________________________________________________
aumavmoJ 1;21-29 udk zwf½IygaumavmoJ 1;21-29 udk zwf½Iyg
aumavmoJ 1;21-29 udk zwf½IygaumavmoJ 1;21-29 udk zwf½Iyg
aumavmoJ 1;21-29 udk zwf½Iyg
&Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;tm; om;awmfa,½I\
um;wkdifxufütaocHjcif;tm;jzihf t&mcyfodrf;udkrdrdESihfjyefvnfoihfjrwfap
&efrSm crnf;awmf\pdwfqE´jzpfaMumif;ajymjycJhonf/ owif;aumif;w&m;
awmftm;jzihf bk&m;ocifESihfjyefvnfoihfjrwfcJhMuaomolrsm; aumavmoJ
NrdKUwGif&SdcJhMuonf/ þyk*¾dKvfrsm;onf ocifa,½IjyKcJhaomtrIudkvufcH
,HkMunfcJhMuNyD; crnf;awmfESihftrSefuefqHk;aomqufqH&if;ESD;cGihfü jyefvnf
xm;&Sdjcif;udkcHMu&onf/ &Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;tm; u,f
wifjcif;[laomt&monf tpyxrydkif;omjzpfaMumif;udkajymjycJhonf/ olwdkY
onf bk&m;ocif\trsufawmf&Sjcif;rSu,fwifjcif;udkcHxm;&aomaMumifh
xdkbk&m;ocifESihf qufqH&if;ESD;rIwGif wdk;wufBuD;xGm;vmMuzdkYvdktyfonf/
c&pfawmf\udk,fcE¨mudk ocifbk&m;ESihfqHkawGUap&efjyifqifzdkYrsm rdrd\trI
awmfjzpfaMumif;&SifaygvkcHpm;cJhonf/ olonfaumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;udk
174 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
yuwdjynfhpHkí oefY&Sif;aomtajctaersdK;jzihf ocifbk&m;xHüqufovdkcJh
onf/
wrefawmfBuD;u aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;udk 4if;wdkYocifbk&m;udk
roduRrf;rDtcsdefü&SdaecJhMuaomtajctaeudk jyefvnftoday;cJhonf/ ol
wdkYonfbk&m;ocifESihfcGJxm;jcif;udkcH&í olwdkY\pdwfESvHk;wGifvnf; bk&m;
ocifESihf&efolrsm;ozG,fcHpm;cJhMuonf/ xdktajctaeü olwdkY&dSaecJhMuonfh
tcsdefuolwdkYonfbk&m;ocifESihfrywfoufcsifcJhMuyg/ bk&m;ocifudk,fpm;jyK
&yfwnfay;aomt&mtm;vHk;udk olwdkYqefYusif&yfwnfcJhMuonf/ bk&m;ocif
onfoefY&Sif;jcif;udk udk,fpm;jyK&yfwnfcJhaomfvnf; olwdkYonftjypf'kp½dkufü
&SifoefcJhMuonf/ bk&m;ocifonftusihfpm&dwåaumif;jcif;udk udk,fpm;jyK
&yfwnfcJhaomfvnf; olwdkYonftusihfpm&dwåazmufjyefjcif;wGif &SifoefcJhMu
onf/ bk&m;ocifonf olwdkY\pdwfESvHk;ESihf ta0;qHk;ae&mwGif&Sdaomt&m
jzpfonf/ odkYaomfþt&mxufydkonfhtcsufrSm olwdkYonfbk&m;ocif\
&efolrsm;jzpfMuonfhtavQmuf w&m;pD&ifjcif;udkolwdkYtwGuf cGJcefYxm;cJh
onf/ olwdkYonfty,fi&JücscH&jcif;jzihf bk&m;ocifESihfxm0&uGJuGmjcif;odkY
OD;wnfaecJhMuonf/ olwdkYonf rdrdwdkY\tjypf'kp½dkufESihfqefYusifykefuefjcif;
wdkYaMumifh bk&m;ocif\trsufa'goatmufü&SdaeMuNyD; olwdkYtay:üxm;&Sd
aom xdktrsufa'go\tusdK;tqufudk olwdkYcHpm;Mu&rnfjzpfonf/
aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;onf wpfcsdefwpfcgü bk&m;ocif\ &efol
rsm;jzpfcJhMuaomfvnf; um;wkdifawmftm;jzihf olwdkYonfbk&m;ocifESihf jyef
vnfoihfjrwfcJhMuNyD;jzpfonf/ tjypf'kp½dkuftwGufjypf'Pfcwfjcif;rSm aojcif;
jzpfonf (a&mr 6;23)/ olwdkYonfaozdkYxdkufwefcJhaomfvnf; ocifa,½I
onf olwdkYtwGuftaocHcJhonf/ ocifa,½Ionf olwdkY\tjypf'Pfudk
rdrdtay:üwifaqmifí olwdkYtwGuftzdk;tcudkay;cJhonf/ ocifc&pfawmf
jyKvkyfcJhaomt&mudkvufcH,HkMunfjcif;jzihf þaumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;
onf tjypf'PfrSvGwfuif;cJhMu&onf/ bk&m;ocifESihfolwdkYtMum;&Sd tqD;
twm;rsm;rSm z,f&Sm;cH&NyD; olwdkY\qufqH&if;ESD;rIrSmvnf; rlvtajctaeodkY
jyefvnfa&muf&SdcJhonf/ olwdkYcH&rnfhtjypf'Pfudk ocifc&pfawmfu ay;qyf
ay;cJhjcif;tm;jzihf olwdkYonfbk&m;ocifESihfjyefvnfoifhjrwfcJhMuaomfvnf;
olwdkYonfyuwdjynfhpHkaomolrsm;rjzpfao;aMumif;udkowdjyKyg/ tcef;i,f
22 wGif &Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;udk tjypftemtqmESihf
uif;NyD;jypfwifpGyfpGJ&efr&Sdí rdrd\a&SUawmfü oefY&Sif;pifMu,fjcif;ESihftwl quf
o&efbk&m;ocifonf olwdkYudkocifc&pfawmftm;jzihf jyefvnfoihfjrwfapcJh
jcif;jzpfaMumif; ajymjycJhonf/ ]]&ef}} (to) [laompum;vHk;udk ]]&ef&nf&G,fí}}
(in order to) [lí teufjyefí&ygonf/ aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;onf
&nf&G,fcsufwpfcktwGuf ocifc&pfawmfESihf wpfvHk;wpf0wnf;jyefvnf
aygif;pnf;cHcJhMu&onf[k &Sifaygvkuajymaeygonf/ xdk&nf&G,fcsufrSm
tjypf'kp½dkufrSolwdkYudkajzvTwfay;&efjzpfonf/ u,fwifjcif;qdkonfrSm bk&m;
ocifuolwdkYtoufwmüjyKvkyfvdkaomt&mrsm;\tpyxrydkif;omjzpfonf/
,HkMunfolrsm;jzpfMuonfhtavQmuf uREfkyfwdkY\toufwmü vkyf
aqmifzdkYvdktyfonfht&mrsm;&Sdaeao;aMumif;udk uREfkyfwdkYodxm;Muonf/
tjypf'kp½dkufESihfvnf;aumif;? ZmwdpdwfESihfvnf;aumif; ppfyGJqifEGJaeMu&ef
pHkvifjcif;odkYa&mufíqufotHhaomiSm 177176 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
yuwdjynfhpHkí oefY&Sif;aomtajctaersdK;jzihf ocifbk&m;xHüqufovdkcJh
onf/
wrefawmfBuD;u aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;udk 4if;wdkYocifbk&m;udk
roduRrf;rDtcsdefü&SdaecJhMuaomtajctaeudk jyefvnftoday;cJhonf/ ol
wdkYonfbk&m;ocifESihfcGJxm;jcif;udkcH&í olwdkY\pdwfESvHk;wGifvnf; bk&m;
ocifESihf&efolrsm;ozG,fcHpm;cJhMuonf/ xdktajctaeü olwdkY&dSaecJhMuonfh
tcsdefuolwdkYonfbk&m;ocifESihfrywfoufcsifcJhMuyg/ bk&m;ocifudk,fpm;jyK
&yfwnfay;aomt&mtm;vHk;udk olwdkYqefYusif&yfwnfcJhMuonf/ bk&m;ocif
onfoefY&Sif;jcif;udk udk,fpm;jyK&yfwnfcJhaomfvnf; olwdkYonftjypf'kp½dkufü
&SifoefcJhMuonf/ bk&m;ocifonftusihfpm&dwåaumif;jcif;udk udk,fpm;jyK
&yfwnfcJhaomfvnf; olwdkYonftusihfpm&dwåazmufjyefjcif;wGif &SifoefcJhMu
onf/ bk&m;ocifonf olwdkY\pdwfESvHk;ESihf ta0;qHk;ae&mwGif&Sdaomt&m
jzpfonf/ odkYaomfþt&mxufydkonfhtcsufrSm olwdkYonfbk&m;ocif\
&efolrsm;jzpfMuonfhtavQmuf w&m;pD&ifjcif;udkolwdkYtwGuf cGJcefYxm;cJh
onf/ olwdkYonfty,fi&JücscH&jcif;jzihf bk&m;ocifESihfxm0&uGJuGmjcif;odkY
OD;wnfaecJhMuonf/ olwdkYonf rdrdwdkY\tjypf'kp½dkufESihfqefYusifykefuefjcif;
wdkYaMumifh bk&m;ocif\trsufa'goatmufü&SdaeMuNyD; olwdkYtay:üxm;&Sd
aom xdktrsufa'go\tusdK;tqufudk olwdkYcHpm;Mu&rnfjzpfonf/
aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;onf wpfcsdefwpfcgü bk&m;ocif\ &efol
rsm;jzpfcJhMuaomfvnf; um;wkdifawmftm;jzihf olwdkYonfbk&m;ocifESihf jyef
vnfoihfjrwfcJhMuNyD;jzpfonf/ tjypf'kp½dkuftwGufjypf'Pfcwfjcif;rSm aojcif;
jzpfonf (a&mr 6;23)/ olwdkYonfaozdkYxdkufwefcJhaomfvnf; ocifa,½I
onf olwdkYtwGuftaocHcJhonf/ ocifa,½Ionf olwdkY\tjypf'Pfudk
rdrdtay:üwifaqmifí olwdkYtwGuftzdk;tcudkay;cJhonf/ ocifc&pfawmf
jyKvkyfcJhaomt&mudkvufcH,HkMunfjcif;jzihf þaumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;
onf tjypf'PfrSvGwfuif;cJhMu&onf/ bk&m;ocifESihfolwdkYtMum;&Sd tqD;
twm;rsm;rSm z,f&Sm;cH&NyD; olwdkY\qufqH&if;ESD;rIrSmvnf; rlvtajctaeodkY
jyefvnfa&muf&SdcJhonf/ olwdkYcH&rnfhtjypf'Pfudk ocifc&pfawmfu ay;qyf
ay;cJhjcif;tm;jzihf olwdkYonfbk&m;ocifESihfjyefvnfoifhjrwfcJhMuaomfvnf;
olwdkYonfyuwdjynfhpHkaomolrsm;rjzpfao;aMumif;udkowdjyKyg/ tcef;i,f
22 wGif &Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;udk tjypftemtqmESihf
uif;NyD;jypfwifpGyfpGJ&efr&Sdí rdrd\a&SUawmfü oefY&Sif;pifMu,fjcif;ESihftwl quf
o&efbk&m;ocifonf olwdkYudkocifc&pfawmftm;jzihf jyefvnfoihfjrwfapcJh
jcif;jzpfaMumif; ajymjycJhonf/ ]]&ef}} (to) [laompum;vHk;udk ]]&ef&nf&G,fí}}
(in order to) [lí teufjyefí&ygonf/ aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;onf
&nf&G,fcsufwpfcktwGuf ocifc&pfawmfESihf wpfvHk;wpf0wnf;jyefvnf
aygif;pnf;cHcJhMu&onf[k &Sifaygvkuajymaeygonf/ xdk&nf&G,fcsufrSm
tjypf'kp½dkufrSolwdkYudkajzvTwfay;&efjzpfonf/ u,fwifjcif;qdkonfrSm bk&m;
ocifuolwdkYtoufwmüjyKvkyfvdkaomt&mrsm;\tpyxrydkif;omjzpfonf/
,HkMunfolrsm;jzpfMuonfhtavQmuf uREfkyfwdkY\toufwmü vkyf
aqmifzdkYvdktyfonfht&mrsm;&Sdaeao;aMumif;udk uREfkyfwdkYodxm;Muonf/
tjypf'kp½dkufESihfvnf;aumif;? ZmwdpdwfESihfvnf;aumif; ppfyGJqifEGJaeMu&ef
pHkvifjcif;odkYa&mufíqufotHhaomiSm 177176 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
or®musrf;pmu uREfkyfwdkYudkpdefac:xm;ygonf/ tjypf'kp½dkuf\tzdk;tcudk
ay;qyfNyD;jzpfaomfvnf; þt&muuREfkyfwdkYtm;tjypf'kp½dkufEGHü b,faom
tcgwGifrQusawmhrnfr[kwf[k rqdkvdkxm;yg/ ocifbk&m;u uREfkyfwdkYudk
vla[mif;[laomazmufjyefjcif;oabmüaoMuí rdrdtwGuftouf&SifMu
&ef qihfac:xm;onf (a&m 8;13)/ þt&mrSm uREfkyfwdkY\0dnmOfa&;&m
toufwmü qufvufíjzpfysufaernfht&mjzpfonf/
ZmwdyuwdpdwfESihf4if;\qdk;npfaomwwfrufrIrsm;udk udkifwG,fajz
&Sif;jcif;trIonf 4if;wdkYbufrSBudK;pm;tm;xkwfrIrygbJ vkyf&aomtrIr[kwf
aMumif;udk &Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;udk &Sif;&Sif;vif;vif;ajym
jyxm;onf/ tcef;i,f 23 wGif &SifaygvkuolwdkYudkbk&m;ocifa&SUawmfü
tjypftemtqmESihfuif;NyD; jzpfwifpGyfpGJ&efr&Sdí oefY&Sif;pifMu,faezdkYqdkvQif
olwdkYtaejzihf rdrdwdkY\,HkMunfjcif;üwnfaeí owif;aumif;w&m;awmfü
ay;oem;xm;aomarQmfvihfjcif;wGif wnfaqmufMuNyD; r,kwfravsmhbJ&Sdae
Mu&rnf[kajymjyxm;onf/ þarQmfvihfcsufonf qefYusifykefuefwwfaom
vlrsm;udk4if;wdkY\tjypf'kp½dkufrS u,fwif&ef<uvmaom ocifa,½I\ w&m;
a'oemawmfyifjzpfonf/ ,HkMunfolrsm;taejzihf uREfkyfwdkYonf þarQmfvihf
csufudk rsufajcjywfcHír&yg/ uREfkyfwdkYonfZmwdyuwdpdwfu ocif
c&pfawmfü&&Sdxm;aom uREfkyfwdkY\tjypfcGihfvTwfcH&jcif;\ppfrSefrIü &Sifoef
aexkdifjcif;udk[efYwm;aESmuf,SufcGihfrjyKoihfyg/ þarQmfvihfcsufwGif uREfkyf
wdkYpGJpGJjrJjrJ&yfwnfaeMu&rnfhtaMumif;rSm uREfkyfwdkY\atmifjrifjcif;onf ocif
c&pfawmfüom&SdaeaMumif;jzpfonf/
,HkMunfjcif;ü qufvufavQmufvSrf;jcif;wGif ½kef;uefvIyf&Sm;&jcif;
rsm;vnf;ygonf/ c&pf,mefwdkY\b0c&D;onf vG,fulacsmarmaomvrf;c&D;
jzpfvdrfhrnf[k bk&m;ocifrnfonfhtcgurQ uwdray;cJhyg/ tcsdKUaomolrsm;
onf tvGefBuD;rm;aomqefYusif&efvkyfjcif;rsm;udk &ifqkdifawGUMuHKcJh&NyD;? ao
jcif;udkyifjrnf;prf;cJhMu&onf/ ocifa,½IvkyfaqmifcJhaomtrIawmftm;jzihf
bk&m;ocifESihfjyefvnfoihfjrwfaecJhMuaom ,HkMunforsm;yifvQif 4if;wdkY
toufwm\tcsdKUaomu@rsm;wGif bk&m;ocifudkt<uif;rJhtyfESHjcif;rjyK
Mu&ao;ay/ oifonfocifa,½I\,ZfylaZmfcHjcif;udkvufcH,HkMunfí bk&m;
ocif\om;orD;wpfOD;jzpfaumif;jzpfaeygvdrfhrnf/ odkYaomfoifonf oefY&Sif;
pifMu,fjcif;twGuf BudK;pm;tm;xkwfaeygovm;/ aumavmoJ,HkMunfol
rsm;xHüvnf;aumif;? uREfkyfwdkYtm;vHk;xJüvnf;aumif; jyKvkyfcJhaom
&Sifaygvk\pdefac:csufrSm t&mcyfodrf;ü oefY&Sif;pifMu,fpGmjyKrlaexkdifjcif;
udk uREfkyfwdkY\&nfrSef;csufyef;wkdiftjzpfowfrSwfzefwD;Mu&efjzpfonf/
&Sifaygvkonf rdrdudk,fudk owif;aumif;w&m;awmf\ tapcHuRef
jzpfonf[k½IjrifcJhonf (i,f 24)/ &Sifaygvkonf rdrd\toufwmudkþ
owif;aumif;w&m;awmftm; a[majymjcif;üvnf;aumif;? vlwdkYudkþ
arQmfvihfcsufü vufawGU&SifoefaexkdifMu&ef ulnDyHhydk;ay;jcif;üvnf;aumif;
qufuyfxm;cJhonf/ &Sifaygvku vlwdkYudkocifc&pfawmfü olwdkYtm;ay;
oem;xm;aomu,fwifjcif;udk vrf;ñTefjyoay;jcif;onfomvQif rdrd\
wm0efr[kwfaMumif;? xdku,fwifjcif;ü&ihfusufvmMu&ef olwdkYudkulnDyHhydk;
ay;&efrSmvnf; rdrdwm0efjzpfaMumif;cHpm;cJhonf/ {0Ha*vdjyKvkyfjcif;ESihf
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jzpfvmzdkY ocifc&pfawmf\0dnmOfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkY\toufwmudk tjynfh
t0 xdef;csKyfvrf;jyygapaomf/
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uREfkyfwdkYtxJüwnfawmfrlaomc&pfawmf[laom w&m;awmfudk
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toif;awmfrsm;wGif ,aeYrQa0toHk;jyKaeMuygovm;/
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
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qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
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·oifhürnfonfht&mpHkvifvmzdkYvdkaeygoenf;/ csdK;zsufNzdKcGJzdkYvdktyf
onfht&mrsm;udk csdK;zsufNzdKcGJí aysmufuif;apzdkYvdktyfonfht&mrsm;
udk aysmufuif;apzdkYocifbk&m;udkawmif;avQmufyg/ oifhudkrdrdtxHyg
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vnf;aumif; oifhudkqGJac:zdkYocifbk&m;udk awmif;avQmufyg/
·oefY&Sif;olrsm;udk pHkvifjcif;tjzpfodkYa&mufMu&ef ulnDyHhydk;ay;&mü
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avQmufyg/
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jynfh00qufuyftyfESHEkdifzdkY aus;Zl;awmfudkay;oem;&ef bk&m;ocifxH
ü awmif;avQmufyg/
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jcif;ü bk&m;ocifuuREfkyfwdkYudkjzpfvmapzdk&nf&G,fxm;onftwdkif; uREfkyfwdkY
jzpfvmzdkY ocifc&pfawmf\0dnmOfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkY\toufwmudk tjynfh
t0 xdef;csKyfvrf;jyygapaomf/
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
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pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
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uREfkyfwdkYtxJüwnfawmfrlaomc&pfawmf[laom w&m;awmfudk
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·ocifc&pfawmfoihftxJü&SdaeaMumif;udk oifrnfodkYodygoenf;/ xdk
t&m\taxmuftxm;rsm;umtb,fenf;/
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toif;awmfrsm;wGif ,aeYrQa0toHk;jyKaeMuygovm;/
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
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qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
·rdrd\oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfudk uREfkyfwdkYtxJü oGwfoGif;ay;oem;
awmfrlonfhtwGuf ocifbk&m;udkaus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;yg/
·oifhürnfonfht&mpHkvifvmzdkYvdkaeygoenf;/ csdK;zsufNzdKcGJzdkYvdktyf
onfht&mrsm;udk csdK;zsufNzdKcGJí aysmufuif;apzdkYvdktyfonfht&mrsm;
udk aysmufuif;apzdkYocifbk&m;udkawmif;avQmufyg/ oifhudkrdrdtxHyg
odkYvnf;aumif;? oihfb0twGufxm;&Sdaom rdrd\&nf&G,fcsufrsm;odkY
vnf;aumif; oifhudkqGJac:zdkYocifbk&m;udk awmif;avQmufyg/
·oefY&Sif;olrsm;udk pHkvifjcif;tjzpfodkYa&mufMu&ef ulnDyHhydk;ay;&mü
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jynfh00qufuyftyfESHEkdifzdkY aus;Zl;awmfudkay;oem;&ef bk&m;ocifxH
ü awmif;avQmufyg/
pHkvifjcif;odkYa&mufíqufotHhaomiSm 189188 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
15
em;vnfEkdifaomjynfhpHkonfhOmPf\pnf;pdrftaygif;
__________________________________________________________
aumavmoJ 2;1-7 udk zwf½IygaumavmoJ 2;1-7 udk zwf½Iyg
aumavmoJ 2;1-7 udk zwf½IygaumavmoJ 2;1-7 udk zwf½Iyg
aumavmoJ 2;1-7 udk zwf½Iyg
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tcsufjzpfayvdrfhrnf/ aemufqkH;qifjcifESvHk;oGif;jcif;wGif &Sifaygvku uREfkyf
wdkYtm;ol\pdwfqE´rSm aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;tm; oefY&Sif;pifMu,f
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o&efjzpfonf[kajymcJhonf/ olonf,HkMunfolrsm; ocifc&pfawmfüBuD;xGm;
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15
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__________________________________________________________
aumavmoJ 2;1-7 udk zwf½IygaumavmoJ 2;1-7 udk zwf½Iyg
aumavmoJ 2;1-7 udk zwf½IygaumavmoJ 2;1-7 udk zwf½Iyg
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udk vdktyfvQuf&SdMuonf/ ,HkMunfolrsm;yifvQif ocifa,½IürdrdwdkY&&Sdxm;
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udk,fcE¨mü pdwf0rf;uGJrIudkjzpfapEkdifygonf/ þpdwf0rf;uGJrsm;u uREfkyfwdkYtm;
cspfawmfrlaom ocifc&pfawmf\cspfjcif;arwåmudkrjrifEkdifatmif zHk;uG,fxm;
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vnf;aumif; vufurf;ay;jcif;jzihf uREfkyfwdkYonf nDtpfudkarmifESrrsm;tay:
ü ocifc&pfawmf\ cspfjcif;arwåmudk vufawGUjyoMuygonf/ ocifbk&m;
onfrdrd\om;orD;rsm;tm; tb,frQcspfonfudk uREfkyfwdkYem;vnf vmaom
tcg uREfkyfwdkYonfolwdkYtay:ü r[kwfrrSefajymqdkjcif;rsdK;udk vdkvm; Murnfr
[kwfyg/ ocifc&pfawmf\udk,fcE¨müwpfOD;ESihfwpfOD;cspfjcif;tm;jzifh wpfpdwf
wpf0rf; wnf;aygif;pnf;aeMuonfudk &SifaygvkjrifawGUvdkcJhonf/ þtcsif;
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tcsif;csif; tay:üvnf;aumif;? þavmuBuD;tay:üvnf;aumif;
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&Sdaompnf;pdrftaygif;udk em;vnfoabmaygufjcif;wdkYMum;wGif qufpyfrI
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udk,fcE¨mawmfü pdwf0rf;uGJjcif;onf ocifc&pfawmfü&Sdaom uREfkyfwdkY
\ pnf;pdrftaygif;udk rjrifEkdifatmifzHk;uG,fxm;ygvdrfhrnf/ bk&m;ocifonf
rdrd\cspfjcif;arwåmudko,fydkY&mü rdrd\vlwdkYudktjrJtoHk;jyKavh&Sdonf/ ocif
bk&m;onfoihfudkcGeftm;opfrsm;oGef;avmif;ay;vdkaomtcg txdkt&mudk
nDtpfudkarmifESrwpfa,mufa,mufudk oihfxHodkYapvTwfjcif;jzihf tjrJjyKvkyf
avh&Sdonf/ bk&m;ocifonf uREfkyfwdkYtoufwm&Sd vdktyfcsufrsm;udk
jznfhqnf;yHhydk;ay;vdkaomtcg uREfkyfwdkYvdktyfaomt&mudk ydkifqkdifxm;aom
olwpfa,mufa,mufudkqihfac:í uREfkyfwdkYtxHüa0rQapygvdrfhrnf/ uREfkyf
em;vnfEdkifaomynfhpHkonfhOmPf\pnf;pdrftaygif; 195194 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
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&mü&SdcJhaomocifa,½I\ OmPfynmonfr[mvlom;rsm;udk OD;aESmuf
196 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm em;vnfEdkifaomynfhpHkonfhOmPf\pnf;pdrftaygif; 197
ajcmufapcJhonf/ odkYaomf þeufeJrIrsm;\tjcm;wpfbufwGif bk&m;ocif
onf þpBuFm0VmBuD;twGuf xm;&Sdxm;aomrdrd\0dnmOfa&;&m &nf&G,f
csufrsm;udk ocifa,½Itm;jzihf zGihfcsjyocJhonf/ bk&m;ocifonf vlom;
wpfodkufudkrdrdtwGufzefqif;cJhonf/ ocifa,½Ionfxdk&nf&G,fcsuf\ A[dk
csufjzpfonf/ ocifa,½IjyKcJhaomtrIomr&SdcJhvQif uREfkyfwdkYonf crnf;awmf
ESihfaygif;pnf;EkdifcJhMurnfr[kwfyg/ olonfaojcif;ESihfocsØKif;udkatmifEkdifcJh
onf/ olonfpmwefrm&fewfESihf tjypf'kp½dkufudktEkdif,loGm;cJhonf/ olonf
pBuFm0Vmudkzefqif;í ,aeYxufwdkifapmifhrxm;onf/ uREfkyfwdkY\ awG;awm
qifjcifEdkifpGrf;? tvkyfvkyfEkdifpGrf;? ajymqdkEkdifpGrf;tm;vHk;\ rlvt&if;tjrpf
jzpfonf/ OmPfynmb@mtm;vHk;onf olYwGif&Sdonf/ olonft&mtm;vHk;
udkodaeonf/ olrygyJ rnfonfht&mrSrwnf&SdEkdifyg/ rdrdonfocifa,½I
tay:ü aus;Zl;w&m;tm;vHk;wif&SdaeaMumif; &Sifaygvkem;vnfcJhonf/
aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;onf 4if;wdkYtv,fü rSm;,Gif;aomt,l
0g'rsm;udk oGefoifay;aeMuonfholrsm;\ tusdK;oihftaMumif;oihfaqG;aEG;
jiif;ckefrIrsm;\ vSnfhjzm;jcif;udkrcH&rnfhtaMumif; &Sifaygvku þt&mrsm;
udk olwdkYtm;oGefoifay;cJhonf/ þrSm;,Gif;aomq&mrsm;onf usdK;aMumif;
qDavQmfpGmjzihf zefwD;xm;aomjiif;ckefaqG;aEG;csufrsm;udk ydkifqkdifxm;MuNyD;
4if;wdkYonf tvGefOmPf&nfOmPfpGrf;<u,f0onf[k xif&aomfvnf; ocif
c&pfawmfxHrSolwdkYoif,lcJh&aomt&mrsm;ESihf qefYusifuGJvGJaeygonf/ ocif
c&pfawmfonf OmPfynmtm;vHk;\ rlvt&if;tjrpfjzpfaMumif; tcsdef,lí
pOf;pm;qifjcifMu&ef &Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;udk awmif;qdk
aecJhonf/ þrSm;,Gif;aomq&mrsm;rSm rnfodkYyifyg;eyfuRrf;usifaeMuap
umrl olwdkYem;rvnfao;aomt&mrsm;&Sdygonf/ tzbk&m;ocif\&nf
&G,fcsufrsm;tm;zGihfcsjyoaeoludk oif,HkMunfrnfvm; (odkY) twkdif; twm
wpfck txdomem;vnfEkdifpGrf;aomtjypf&Sdvlom;udk oif,HkMunfrnfvm;/
þrSm;,Gif;aomq&mrsm;\ jiif;cHkaqG;aEG;csufonf usdK;aMumif;qDavQmfpGm
zefwD;xm;aomfvnf; 4if;wdkYonf bk&m;ocifESihfqefYusifuGJvGJaeygonf/
uREfkyfwdkYonfbk&m;ocifwpfyg;wnf;udkom emcHMu&rnf/ aumavmoJ
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udk &Sifaygvkpdk;&drfcJhonf/ &Sifaygvkonf þ,HkMunfolrsm;ESihf ½kyfcE¨mtm;
jzihf twl&SdraeEkdifcJhaomfvnf; olwdkYtwGufpdk;&drfywfoufay;aejcif;jzihf olwdkY
ESihf pdwf0dnmOftm;jzihf twl&SdaecJhygonf (i,f 5)/ ol\pdwfESvHk;ESihf ol\
qkawmif;oHrsm;onf olwdkYtxHa&mufoGm;cJhonf/ aumavmoJ ,HkMunfol
rsm;opöm&Sd&SdaexkdifaeMuonfhtjzpfonf &Sifaygvkudk 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;omjzpf
apcJhonf/ olwdkYonfxdkopöm&Sdjcif;t&müqufvufwnfwHhMuí olwdkYt
v,fü&Sdaeaom þrdpämya&mzufrsm;ESihf q&mrsm;\vSnfhjzm;jcif;udkrcH& MuzdkY
&Sifaygvkuqkawmif;ay;cJhonf/
þrSm;,Gif;aomrdpämya&mzufrsm;onf ,aeYxufwkdif&SdaeMuyg
onf/ olwdkYonftvGefqGJaqmifrI&Sdonf/ olwdkYüusdK;aMumif;qDavQmfpGm pepf
wuspDpOfxm;aomaqG;aEG;jiif;cHkcsufrsm;&Sdonf/ olwdkY\usdK;aMumif;qDavsmf
pGmawG;ac:jcif;rsm;jzihf vltajrmuftrsm;udk t,HkoGif;Muonf/ odkYaomf
uRefawmfwkdYudkqHk;jzwfydkifaomt&mrSm vlom;\,kwåd&Sd&SdqifjcifawG;ac:rI
em;vnfEdkifaomynfhpHkonfhOmPf\pnf;pdrftaygif; 199198 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
ajcmufapcJhonf/ odkYaomf þeufeJrIrsm;\tjcm;wpfbufwGif bk&m;ocif
onf þpBuFm0VmBuD;twGuf xm;&Sdxm;aomrdrd\0dnmOfa&;&m &nf&G,f
csufrsm;udk ocifa,½Itm;jzihf zGihfcsjyocJhonf/ bk&m;ocifonf vlom;
wpfodkufudkrdrdtwGufzefqif;cJhonf/ ocifa,½Ionfxdk&nf&G,fcsuf\ A[dk
csufjzpfonf/ ocifa,½IjyKcJhaomtrIomr&SdcJhvQif uREfkyfwdkYonf crnf;awmf
ESihfaygif;pnf;EkdifcJhMurnfr[kwfyg/ olonfaojcif;ESihfocsØKif;udkatmifEkdifcJh
onf/ olonfpmwefrm&fewfESihf tjypf'kp½dkufudktEkdif,loGm;cJhonf/ olonf
pBuFm0Vmudkzefqif;í ,aeYxufwdkifapmifhrxm;onf/ uREfkyfwdkY\ awG;awm
qifjcifEdkifpGrf;? tvkyfvkyfEkdifpGrf;? ajymqdkEkdifpGrf;tm;vHk;\ rlvt&if;tjrpf
jzpfonf/ OmPfynmb@mtm;vHk;onf olYwGif&Sdonf/ olonft&mtm;vHk;
udkodaeonf/ olrygyJ rnfonfht&mrSrwnf&SdEkdifyg/ rdrdonfocifa,½I
tay:ü aus;Zl;w&m;tm;vHk;wif&SdaeaMumif; &Sifaygvkem;vnfcJhonf/
aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;onf 4if;wdkYtv,fü rSm;,Gif;aomt,l
0g'rsm;udk oGefoifay;aeMuonfholrsm;\ tusdK;oihftaMumif;oihfaqG;aEG;
jiif;ckefrIrsm;\ vSnfhjzm;jcif;udkrcH&rnfhtaMumif; &Sifaygvku þt&mrsm;
udk olwdkYtm;oGefoifay;cJhonf/ þrSm;,Gif;aomq&mrsm;onf usdK;aMumif;
qDavQmfpGmjzihf zefwD;xm;aomjiif;ckefaqG;aEG;csufrsm;udk ydkifqkdifxm;MuNyD;
4if;wdkYonf tvGefOmPf&nfOmPfpGrf;<u,f0onf[k xif&aomfvnf; ocif
c&pfawmfxHrSolwdkYoif,lcJh&aomt&mrsm;ESihf qefYusifuGJvGJaeygonf/ ocif
c&pfawmfonf OmPfynmtm;vHk;\ rlvt&if;tjrpfjzpfaMumif; tcsdef,lí
pOf;pm;qifjcifMu&ef &Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;udk awmif;qdk
aecJhonf/ þrSm;,Gif;aomq&mrsm;rSm rnfodkYyifyg;eyfuRrf;usifaeMuap
umrl olwdkYem;rvnfao;aomt&mrsm;&Sdygonf/ tzbk&m;ocif\&nf
&G,fcsufrsm;tm;zGihfcsjyoaeoludk oif,HkMunfrnfvm; (odkY) twkdif; twm
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uREfkyfwdkYonfbk&m;ocifwpfyg;wnf;udkom emcHMu&rnf/ aumavmoJ
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udk &Sifaygvkpdk;&drfcJhonf/ &Sifaygvkonf þ,HkMunfolrsm;ESihf ½kyfcE¨mtm;
jzihf twl&SdraeEkdifcJhaomfvnf; olwdkYtwGufpdk;&drfywfoufay;aejcif;jzihf olwdkY
ESihf pdwf0dnmOftm;jzihf twl&SdaecJhygonf (i,f 5)/ ol\pdwfESvHk;ESihf ol\
qkawmif;oHrsm;onf olwdkYtxHa&mufoGm;cJhonf/ aumavmoJ ,HkMunfol
rsm;opöm&Sd&SdaexkdifaeMuonfhtjzpfonf &Sifaygvkudk 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;omjzpf
apcJhonf/ olwdkYonfxdkopöm&Sdjcif;t&müqufvufwnfwHhMuí olwdkYt
v,fü&Sdaeaom þrdpämya&mzufrsm;ESihf q&mrsm;\vSnfhjzm;jcif;udkrcH& MuzdkY
&Sifaygvkuqkawmif;ay;cJhonf/
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wuspDpOfxm;aomaqG;aEG;jiif;cHkcsufrsm;&Sdonf/ olwdkY\usdK;aMumif;qDavsmf
pGmawG;ac:jcif;rsm;jzihf vltajrmuftrsm;udk t,HkoGif;Muonf/ odkYaomf
uRefawmfwkdYudkqHk;jzwfydkifaomt&mrSm vlom;\,kwåd&Sd&SdqifjcifawG;ac:rI
em;vnfEdkifaomynfhpHkonfhOmPf\pnf;pdrftaygif; 199198 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
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awmfomjzpfonf/ EIwfuywfawmfonf OmPfynmtm;vHk;\t&if;tjrpf
jzpfaombk&m;ocifxHrSa&mufvmonf/
ocifc&pfawmfü &ifhusufjcif;qkdonfrSm ocifc&pfawmfoGefoif
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jcif;jzpfonf/ tcef;i,f 6 wGif &Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;udk
ocifc&pfawmftm; olwdkY,HkMunfvufcHcJhonfhwl xdkocifüavQmufvSrf;
&SifoefMu&ef pdefac:wdkufwGef;cJhygonf/ þusrf;abmifwGif &Sifaygvkonf
aumavmoJNrdKUodkYa&muf&SdvmMuonfh rSm;,Gif;aomq&mrsm;taMumif;udk
ajymjyaeygonf/ þq&mrsm;wGif usdK;aMumif;qDavQmfpGmzefwD;xm;aom
aqG;aEG;jiif;cHkcsufrsm;&Sdaomfvnf; 4if;wdkYonfowif;aumif;twkudk a[m
ajymcJhMuonf/ olwdkYonfocifc&pfawmfu aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;
oGefoifay;cJhonfhtajccHpnf;rsOf;Oya'orsm;ESihf qefYusifuGJvGJaom aexkdif
usihfMuHyHkudktm;ay;jr§ihfwifaecJhMuonf/ &Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfol
rsm;tm; ocifc&pfawmfudkolwdkY,HkMunfvufcHcJhMuonfhtwkdif; xdkocifü
avQmufvSrf;&SifoefMu&efajymcJhonf/ olwdkYonfocifc&pfawmfudk rnfodkY
vufcH,HkMunfcJhMuygoenf;/ olwdkYonf,HkMunfjcif;jzihf ocifc&pfawmfudk
,HkMunfvufcHcJhMuonf/ olwdkYonfocifhtoHawmfudkMum;í emcHvdkuf
avQmufcJhMuonf/ ocifoGefoifíay;tyfcJhonfht&mudkvufcH&efolwdkY\
ESvHk;om;wHcg;rsm;udkzGihfxm;cJhMuonf/
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xl;jcm;½dk;pif;aomt&m&Sdonf/ xdk,HkMunfjcif;onf or®mw&m;udkbk&m;ocif
oGefoifay;aeonfhtvm; ,HkMunfvufcHonf/ taMumif;rSmbk&m;ocif
onf cyfodrf;aomOmPfynmwdkY\ rlvt&if;tjrpfjzpfaomaMumifhjzpfonf/
ocifbk&m;udkcspfjrwfEdk;aomolrsm;onf xdkocif\EIwfuywfawmfudk
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ociftm;emcHjcif;udkvnf;aumif; ESpfoufcHkrifMuonf/ þuJhodkYaom pdwfae
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pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
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oifhudkqifhac:cGJcefYcJhygoenf;/
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·&Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;udk ocifc&pfawmftm; olwdkY
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[k ajymqdk&mwGif rnfonfht&mudkqdkvdkcJhygoenf;/
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awmfomjzpfonf/ EIwfuywfawmfonf OmPfynmtm;vHk;\t&if;tjrpf
jzpfaombk&m;ocifxHrSa&mufvmonf/
ocifc&pfawmfü &ifhusufjcif;qkdonfrSm ocifc&pfawmfoGefoif
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jcif;jzpfonf/ tcef;i,f 6 wGif &Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;udk
ocifc&pfawmftm; olwdkY,HkMunfvufcHcJhonfhwl xdkocifüavQmufvSrf;
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aqG;aEG;jiif;cHkcsufrsm;&Sdaomfvnf; 4if;wdkYonfowif;aumif;twkudk a[m
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usihfMuHyHkudktm;ay;jr§ihfwifaecJhMuonf/ &Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfol
rsm;tm; ocifc&pfawmfudkolwdkY,HkMunfvufcHcJhMuonfhtwkdif; xdkocifü
avQmufvSrf;&SifoefMu&efajymcJhonf/ olwdkYonfocifc&pfawmfudk rnfodkY
vufcH,HkMunfcJhMuygoenf;/ olwdkYonf,HkMunfjcif;jzihf ocifc&pfawmfudk
,HkMunfvufcHcJhMuonf/ olwdkYonfocifhtoHawmfudkMum;í emcHvdkuf
avQmufcJhMuonf/ ocifoGefoifíay;tyfcJhonfht&mudkvufcH&efolwdkY\
ESvHk;om;wHcg;rsm;udkzGihfxm;cJhMuonf/
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oGefoifay;aeonfhtvm; ,HkMunfvufcHonf/ taMumif;rSmbk&m;ocif
onf cyfodrf;aomOmPfynmwdkY\ rlvt&if;tjrpfjzpfaomaMumifhjzpfonf/
ocifbk&m;udkcspfjrwfEdk;aomolrsm;onf xdkocif\EIwfuywfawmfudk
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rnfr[kwfyg/ olwdkYonfbk&m;ocifudkcyfodrf;aomOmPfynmwdkY\ rlv
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pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
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oifhudkqifhac:cGJcefYcJhygoenf;/
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·&Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;udk ocifc&pfawmftm; olwdkY
vufcH,HkMunfcJhonfhtwkdif; xdkocifü&SifoefavQmufvSrf;Mu&rnf
[k ajymqdk&mwGif rnfonfht&mudkqdkvdkcJhygoenf;/
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ygoenf;/ þtaMumif;t&mESihfpyfvsOf;í &Sifaygvku aumavmoJ
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qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
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16
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__________________________________________________________
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16
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__________________________________________________________
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pdefac:wdkufwGef;cJhonf/ t&mtm;vHk;onf ocifa,½IESifhtpjyKí ocif
a,½IESihftqHk;owf&ayrnf/
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pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
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ta&;BuD;oenf;/
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ocifc&pfawmfESifh vlom;xHk;"Henf;Oya'rsm; 215214 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
&Sifaygvku uREfkyfwdkYudkrnfodkYoGefoifajymqdkxm;ygoenf;/
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u zefwD;Ekdifygoenf;/
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udk;pm;jcif;wdkY\ uGJjymrIrSmtb,fenf;/
·uREfkyfwdkY\u,fwifjcif;twGuf ocifc&pfawmfwpfyg;wnf;udkom
,HkMunfudk;pm;jcif;[laomt&monf uREfkyfwdkYrnfodkYrnfyHkaexkdif
&Sifoefonfudktav;xm;p&mrvdkawmhyg[kqdkvdkygovm;/ rdrdwdkY
twGuf ocifc&pfawmfvkyfaqmifoGm;cJhaomtrIudk em;vnf
oabmaygufaomolrsm;\ wkefYjyefrIumtb,fenf;/
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ywf0ef;usifwGif&Sdygovm;/
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qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
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cJhonfhtwGuf ocifbk&m;udkaus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;yg/
·ocifc&pfawmftaocHjcif;onf oihftwGufrnfodkYqdkvdkxm;onfudk
ydkíjynfhpHkpGmenf;vnfoabmaygufvmzdkY&ef oGefoifay;zdkYocifbk&m;
udk awmif;avQmufyg/
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bk&m;ocifudkaus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;yg/
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aphaqmfwdkufwGef;cH&rnfhtaMumif; oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfESihf þ
xufruydkíjznfhwif;ay;&ef ocifbk&m;udkawmif;avQmufyg/
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ESihf t,l0g'oGefoifcsufrS oihftm;uG,fumay;zdkY ocifbk&m;udk
awmif;avQmufyg/ or®mw&m;tm;vHk;ü vrf;ñTefay;zdkY EIwfuywf
awmfudk uREfkyfwdkYtm;ay;oem;xm;onfhtwGuf aus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;
yg/
216 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm ocifc&pfawmfESifh vlom;xHk;"Henf;Oya'rsm; 217
&Sifaygvku uREfkyfwdkYudkrnfodkYoGefoifajymqdkxm;ygoenf;/
·uREfkyfwdkY\u,fwifjcif;twGuf ocifc&pfawmfESihfxdkocifjyKvkyfcJh
aomtrIudk tm½Hkpl;pdkufxm;jcif;rS aoGz,foGm;atmifrnfonfht&m
u zefwD;Ekdifygoenf;/
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udk;pm;jcif;wdkY\ uGJjymrIrSmtb,fenf;/
·uREfkyfwdkY\u,fwifjcif;twGuf ocifc&pfawmfwpfyg;wnf;udkom
,HkMunfudk;pm;jcif;[laomt&monf uREfkyfwdkYrnfodkYrnfyHkaexkdif
&Sifoefonfudktav;xm;p&mrvdkawmhyg[kqdkvdkygovm;/ rdrdwdkY
twGuf ocifc&pfawmfvkyfaqmifoGm;cJhaomtrIudk em;vnf
oabmaygufaomolrsm;\ wkefYjyefrIumtb,fenf;/
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aomenf;vrf;udk oGefoifay;onfhrSm;,Gif;aomq&mrsm; oifwdkY\
ywf0ef;usifwGif&Sdygovm;/
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
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qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
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cJhonfhtwGuf ocifbk&m;udkaus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;yg/
·ocifc&pfawmftaocHjcif;onf oihftwGufrnfodkYqdkvdkxm;onfudk
ydkíjynfhpHkpGmenf;vnfoabmaygufvmzdkY&ef oGefoifay;zdkYocifbk&m;
udk awmif;avQmufyg/
·uREfkyfwdkY\u,fwifjcif;udk udk,fwkdifBudK;pm;&SmMuHzdkYrvdkonfhtwGuf
bk&m;ocifudkaus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;yg/
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aphaqmfwdkufwGef;cH&rnfhtaMumif; oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfESihf þ
xufruydkíjznfhwif;ay;&ef ocifbk&m;udkawmif;avQmufyg/
·vlom;xHrS t&if;cHvmaomrSm;,Gif;onfh 'óedutawG;tac:rsm;
ESihf t,l0g'oGefoifcsufrS oihftm;uG,fumay;zdkY ocifbk&m;udk
awmif;avQmufyg/ or®mw&m;tm;vHk;ü vrf;ñTefay;zdkY EIwfuywf
awmfudk uREfkyfwdkYtm;ay;oem;xm;onfhtwGuf aus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;
yg/
216 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm ocifc&pfawmfESifh vlom;xHk;"Henf;Oya'rsm; 217
17
qdk;,kwfaomZmwdudktaoowfjcif;
__________________________________________________________
aumavmoJ 3;1-10 udkzwf½Iyg/aumavmoJ 3;1-10 udkzwf½Iyg/
aumavmoJ 3;1-10 udkzwf½Iyg/aumavmoJ 3;1-10 udkzwf½Iyg/
aumavmoJ 3;1-10 udkzwf½Iyg/
NyD;cJhaomaemufqHk;tcef;wGif wrefawmf&Sifaygvkonf aumavmoJ
,HkMunfolrsm;tm; um;wkdifxufüocifa,½IjyKvkyfcJhaomtrItaMumif;udk
ajymjycJhonf/ &Sifaygvku olwdkYtm;ocifa,½Ivuf0g;uyfwkdifxufü
taocHcJhcsdefwGif olwdkY\tjypf'kp½dkufrsm;tm;vHk;udk olESihftwl,laqmifoGm;
cJhaMumif;udk jyefvnftoday;cJhonf/ ocifa,½Iaojcif;rS xajrmufcJhcsdef
wGif olwdkYwdkuf½dkuftusdK;cHpm;cJh&onf/ ocifa,½I\taocHjcif;onf olwdkY
tjypf\tzdk;tcudkay;acscJhonf/ ocifa,½I\&Sifjyefxajrmufjcif;onf
olwdkYudktjypfw&m;ESihfaojcif;w&m;tay:ü atmifEdkifjcif;udkay;cJhonf/
ocifa,½Ionfudk,fhtzdkYom&SifjyefxajrmufcJhonfr[kwf uREfkyfwdkYtwGuf
vnf; xajrmufcJhonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf ocifc&pfawmfESihftwlum;wkdifxufü
w&m;Oya'ESihfnDñGwfpGmaocJhMuvQif uREfkyfwdkYonfxkdocif\ &Sifjyef
17
qdk;,kwfaomZmwdudktaoowfjcif;
__________________________________________________________
aumavmoJ 3;1-10 udkzwf½Iyg/aumavmoJ 3;1-10 udkzwf½Iyg/
aumavmoJ 3;1-10 udkzwf½Iyg/aumavmoJ 3;1-10 udkzwf½Iyg/
aumavmoJ 3;1-10 udkzwf½Iyg/
NyD;cJhaomaemufqHk;tcef;wGif wrefawmf&Sifaygvkonf aumavmoJ
,HkMunfolrsm;tm; um;wkdifxufüocifa,½IjyKvkyfcJhaomtrItaMumif;udk
ajymjycJhonf/ &Sifaygvku olwdkYtm;ocifa,½Ivuf0g;uyfwkdifxufü
taocHcJhcsdefwGif olwdkY\tjypf'kp½dkufrsm;tm;vHk;udk olESihftwl,laqmifoGm;
cJhaMumif;udk jyefvnftoday;cJhonf/ ocifa,½Iaojcif;rS xajrmufcJhcsdef
wGif olwdkYwdkuf½dkuftusdK;cHpm;cJh&onf/ ocifa,½I\taocHjcif;onf olwdkY
tjypf\tzdk;tcudkay;acscJhonf/ ocifa,½I\&Sifjyefxajrmufjcif;onf
olwdkYudktjypfw&m;ESihfaojcif;w&m;tay:ü atmifEdkifjcif;udkay;cJhonf/
ocifa,½Ionfudk,fhtzdkYom&SifjyefxajrmufcJhonfr[kwf uREfkyfwdkYtwGuf
vnf; xajrmufcJhonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf ocifc&pfawmfESihftwlum;wkdifxufü
w&m;Oya'ESihfnDñGwfpGmaocJhMuvQif uREfkyfwdkYonfxkdocif\ &Sifjyef
xajrmufjcif;wGif tusdK;xl;cHpm;Mu&onf/ ocifa,½ItaocHcsdefwGif ol
onfxdkt&mudk uREfkyfwdkY\udk,fpm; cHoGm;jcif;jzpfonf/ aojcif;rSxajrmuf
aomtcgwGifvnf; olxdkt&mudkuREfkyfwdkYtwGufxajrmufcJhonf/
tcef;i,f 1 wGif &Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;tm; olwdkY
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pdwfESvHk;rsm;udk ocifc&pfawmfxkdifaeawmfrl&mt&yfü&Sdaom txuft&m
wdkYü &nfrSwfxm;&rnfjzpfaMumif;ajymcJhonf/ olwdkY\pdwfESvHk;udk þavmuD
t&mwdkYüxm;zdkYr[kwfawmhyg/ odkYaomfþavmuü bk&m;ocifuay;oem;
xm;onfhaumif;rGefaomt&mrsm;ü arGUavsmfjcif;rjyK&[krqdkyg/ odkYaomf
þurÇmavmuESihf4if;\pnf;pdrfrsm;onf uREfkyfwdkYtrIxm;t&mrsm;rjzpfoihf
[kqdkvdkygonf/ uREfkyfwdkYarGUavsmfaysmfydkufzdkY tHhzG,ft&mrsm;pGmudk bk&m;
ocifuuREfkyfwdkYtm; ay;oem;xm;ygonf/ uREfkyfwdkYaexkdif&mþurÇmBuD;
onf uREfkyfwdkY\tusdK;tjrwftwGuf uREfkyfwdkY\zefqif;&Sifuay;oem;xm;
aomt&mjzpfonf/ odkYaomfþavmuDt&mrsm;ü pdwfESvHk;yHktyfxm;aom
olrsm;&SdaeMuonf/ bk&m;ocifESihfqkdifaomt&mrsm;xuf þavmuDt&m
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þavmuDpnf;pdrfESihf ydkifqkdifrIrsm;\qGJaqmifjcif;udkcHMu&NyD;? xdkt&mrsm;
tay:üom pdwfESvHk;udk&nfrSwfxm;Muawmhonf/
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tjynfht0auseyfapEkdifMurnfr[kwfyg/ tjypfvTwfjcif;cH&í aq;aMum
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udk uREfkyfwdkY&&SdMuygvdrfhrnf/
tcef;i,f 3 wGif &Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;tm; 4if;
wdkYonf w&m;Oya't& ocifc&pfawmfESihfaocJhMuaMumif;udk jyefvnf tod
ay;cJhonf/ xdkocifonf 4if;wdkY\tjypf'kp½dkufrsm;tm;vHk;udk ,laqmifoGm;
í um;wkdifxufütaocHcJhonf/ vuf0g;uyfwkdifonf tqHk;owfed*Hk;
r[kwfyg/ topfaomt&mrsm;\ tpomjzpfonf/ opfoD;wpfaphudk ajrBuD;
xJüjr§KyfESHí pdkufysdK;vdkaomtcg aooGm;ouJhodkYuREfkyfwdkYonf ocifc&pfawmf
ESihftwl um;wkdifxufodkYtwloGm;í aoqHk;cJhMuonf/ tvm;wl opfaphrS
tan§mufaygufvmNyD; b0opfwpfckudk zefwD;ouJhodkY uREfkyfwdkYonfvnf;
ocifa,½Iü topfaomtoufwmudkay;tyfcHMu&onf/ þtopfaom
toufwmudkvufcH&&Sdxm;aomolwkdif;onf xdktoufwmü&Sifoefjcif;udk
oif,lMu&rnf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf avmuDESihfqkdifaomt&mrSeforQudk tao
220 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm qdk;,kwfaomZmwdudktaoowfjcif; 221
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aomtcgwGifvnf; olxdkt&mudkuREfkyfwdkYtwGufxajrmufcJhonf/
tcef;i,f 1 wGif &Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;tm; olwdkY
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t&mwdkYüxm;zdkYr[kwfawmhyg/ odkYaomfþavmuü bk&m;ocifuay;oem;
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onf uREfkyfwdkY\tusdK;tjrwftwGuf uREfkyfwdkY\zefqif;&Sifuay;oem;xm;
aomt&mjzpfonf/ odkYaomfþavmuDt&mrsm;ü pdwfESvHk;yHktyfxm;aom
olrsm;&SdaeMuonf/ bk&m;ocifESihfqkdifaomt&mrsm;xuf þavmuDt&m
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tay:üom pdwfESvHk;udk&nfrSwfxm;Muawmhonf/
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zefqif;xm;cJhNyD; þavmuDt&mrsm;u uREfkyfwdkYudkb,faomtcgwGifrQ
tjynfht0auseyfapEkdifMurnfr[kwfyg/ tjypfvTwfjcif;cH&í aq;aMum
oefYpifcH&jcif;ESihftwl crnf;awmf\rsufarSmufawmfodkY uREfkyfwdkY wdk;0ifEkdif
atmifwHcg;udkzGihfzdkY ocifa,½Iqif;<uvmcJhonf/ þtwGufaMumifh &Sifaygvk
u uREfkyfwdkY\pdwfESvHk;rsm;udk txuft&mwdkYü &nfrSwfxm;MuzdkY pdefac:
xm;jcif;jzpfonf/ þt&müom ppfrSefaomt"dyÜg,fESihfjynfh0aom auseyfrI
udk uREfkyfwdkY&&SdMuygvdrfhrnf/
tcef;i,f 3 wGif &Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;tm; 4if;
wdkYonf w&m;Oya't& ocifc&pfawmfESihfaocJhMuaMumif;udk jyefvnf tod
ay;cJhonf/ xdkocifonf 4if;wdkY\tjypf'kp½dkufrsm;tm;vHk;udk ,laqmifoGm;
í um;wkdifxufütaocHcJhonf/ vuf0g;uyfwkdifonf tqHk;owfed*Hk;
r[kwfyg/ topfaomt&mrsm;\ tpomjzpfonf/ opfoD;wpfaphudk ajrBuD;
xJüjr§KyfESHí pdkufysdK;vdkaomtcg aooGm;ouJhodkYuREfkyfwdkYonf ocifc&pfawmf
ESihftwl um;wkdifxufodkYtwloGm;í aoqHk;cJhMuonf/ tvm;wl opfaphrS
tan§mufaygufvmNyD; b0opfwpfckudk zefwD;ouJhodkY uREfkyfwdkYonfvnf;
ocifa,½Iü topfaomtoufwmudkay;tyfcHMu&onf/ þtopfaom
toufwmudkvufcH&&Sdxm;aomolwkdif;onf xdktoufwmü&Sifoefjcif;udk
oif,lMu&rnf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf avmuDESihfqkdifaomt&mrSeforQudk tao
220 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm qdk;,kwfaomZmwdudktaoowfjcif; 221
owfí topfaomtoufwmtwkdif; &SifoefaexkdifMu&rnf/ ocif
c&pfawmfü &ihfusufjcif;onf csufjcif;vufiif;jzpfvmaomt&mr[kwfyg/
xdkt&monf tjypf&SdaomZmwda[mif;udk todtrSwfjyKí xdkt&müaojcif;
udkoif,lMuonfESihftrQ tcsdef,líay:ayguvmaomt&mjzpfonf/
tjypfom;rsm;jzpfMuonfhtavQmuf uREfkyfwdkYonf pmwefESihfZmwd
yuwd\aus;uRefjzpfcJhMu&onf/ uREfkyfwdkYonfZmwdyuwdESihf 4if;\tawG;
tac:rsm;wGifopömcHcJhMuonf/ ocifa,½Ionf rdrd\toufudk&if;í
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uREfkyfwdkY\txJü0ifa&mufudef;0yfEkdifcJhonf/ uREfkyfwdkY\txJrSoefY&Sif;aom
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vdkonfhtwkdif;jzpfvmEkdifMurnfjzpfonf/
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pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
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tcsif;t&monf uREfkyfwdkYtwGufrnfodkYt"dyÜg,f&Sdoenf;/ þtcsif;
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qdk;,kwfaomZmwdudktaoowfjcif; 227226 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
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&rnfht&mrsm;udkajymjyaomfvnf; xdkjy|mef;xm;aomt&mrsm;udk vkyfaqmif
EkdifaomtpGrf;udkray;Ekdifyg/ xdkynwfw&m;urvkyfEkdifaomt&mudk ocif
a,½IujyKvkyfoGm;cJhonf/ ocifa,½Ionf uREfkyfwdkY\tjypfa<u;rsm;udk
cGihfvTwfay;cJhNyD; tvdkawmftwkdif;touf&SifEkdif&ef pGrf;aqmifay;zdkY rdrd\
oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfudkvnf; uREfkyfwdkY\txJüay;tyfxm;cJhonf/
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tjypfudkcGihfvTwfay;zdkYESihf bk&m;ocifESihfjyefvnfoihfjrwfzdkY um;wkdifxufü
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uREfkyfwdkYtxJüolvkyfvdkaomt&mrsm;üvnfaumif; tnHhcHtyfESHxm;
Muonf/
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zdkYoltaocHcJhonf/ xdkodkYtaocHcJhjcif;aMumifh oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfonf
uREfkyfwdkY\txJü0ifa&mufudef;0yfEkdifcJhonf/ uREfkyfwdkY\txJrSoefY&Sif;aom
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jyKcJhaomtrIESihf oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfjyKvkyfaeaom trItm;jzihfom
uREfkyfwdkYonf&ifhusufjcif;üwdk;yGm;BuD;xGm;vmEkdifNyD; bk&m;ocifjzpfap
vdkonfhtwkdif;jzpfvmEkdifMurnfjzpfonf/
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pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
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qdk;,kwfaomZmwdudktaoowfjcif; 227226 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
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bk&m;ocif bk&m;ocifxJücGeftm;ay;zdkYawmif;avQmufyg/
18
udk,fcE¨mawmfü&Sifoefjcif;
__________________________________________________________
aumavmoJ 3;11-17 udkzwf½Iyg/aumavmoJ 3;11-17 udkzwf½Iyg/
aumavmoJ 3;11-17 udkzwf½Iyg/aumavmoJ 3;11-17 udkzwf½Iyg/
aumavmoJ 3;11-17 udkzwf½Iyg/
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18
udk,fcE¨mawmfü&Sifoefjcif;
__________________________________________________________
aumavmoJ 3;11-17 udkzwf½Iyg/aumavmoJ 3;11-17 udkzwf½Iyg/
aumavmoJ 3;11-17 udkzwf½Iyg/aumavmoJ 3;11-17 udkzwf½Iyg/
aumavmoJ 3;11-17 udkzwf½Iyg/
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ocifa,½Iu olwdkYtwGufrnfonfht&mudk vkyfaqmifoGm;cJhonf[laom
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BuD;aomcspfjcif;udkay;oem;&ef ocifbk&m;udkamwifhavQmufyg/
·oihftwGufqufqHaygif;oif;zdkYcufcJaom yk*¾dKvfESihfywfoufaom
t&mwpfckcktwGuf ocifbk&m;udkaus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;zdkYtcsdeftenf;
i,f,lyg/
·oihftwGufcspfzdkY&efcufcJaomolrsm;ESihfpdwfoabmxm;nDñGwfEkdif
rnfhtaMumif;ocifbk&m;txHüNidrfoufjcif;udkawmif;avQmufyg/
19
udk,fcE¨mawmfüqufqH&if;ESD;rIrsm;
__________________________________________________________
aumavmoJ 3;18-4;1 udkzwf½Iyg/aumavmoJ 3;18-4;1 udkzwf½Iyg/
aumavmoJ 3;18-4;1 udkzwf½Iyg/aumavmoJ 3;18-4;1 udkzwf½Iyg/
aumavmoJ 3;18-4;1 udkzwf½Iyg/
&Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;udk ocifc&pfawmf\udk,fcE¨mawmf
ü &SdoihfonfhqufqH&if;ESD;rIrsm;taMumif;udk a,bl,stm; jzihfajymjyaecJh
ygonf/ tcef;BuD; 3 \ þaemufqHk;tydkif;wGif &Sifaygvku aumavmoJ
toif;awmftm;tvGefoD;oefYjzpfaom qufqH&if;ESD;rIrsm;twGuf pdwfac:
wdkufwGef;xm;onf/ þtydkif;wGif &Sifaygvkonfc&pf,meftdrfaxmifrsm;
twGufvufawGUvrf;ñTefcsuftcsdKUudkazmfjyay;xm;onf/
ZeD;onfrsm;ZeD;onfrsm;
ZeD;onfrsm;ZeD;onfrsm;
ZeD;onfrsm;
&Sifaygvku tdrfaxmif&SifZeD;onfrsm;tm;ajymqdkjcif;jzihf tpjyKxm;
onf/ &Sifaygvku ZeD;onfrsm;tm;4if;wdkY\cifyGef;onfrsm; tkyfpdk;jcif;ü
tyfESHMu&ef pdefac:wdkufwGef;cJhonf/ 0efcHtyfESHjcif;[laompum;vHk;twGuf
240 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
rdwfzGJY&rnfhtjzpfudk pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsdeftenf;i,f,lyg/ þ
qufqH&if;ESD;rdwfzGJYrIü oifaus;Zl;wifvdkaomt&mum;rnfonfh
t&menf;/
·ocifc&pfawmf\Nidrfoufjcif;udk uREfkyfwdkY\pdwfESvHk;om;rsm;tm;
rnfodkYtkyfpdk;apEkdifoenf;/ þtcsif;t&monf uREfkyfwdkYolwpfyg;ESihf
qufqH&mwGifrnfodkYulnDyHhydk;ay;ygoenf;/
·ocifc&pfawmf\udk,fcE¨mwGif bk&m;ocifonf oihftm;rnfonfh
tcef;u@udkay;xm;oenf;/ oihf&JU0dnmOfqkaus;Zl;rsm;onf udk,f
cE¨mawmfudkrnfodkYulnDay;ygoenf;/
qkawmif;&eftcsufqkawmif;&eftcsuf
qkawmif;&eftcsufqkawmif;&eftcsuf
qkawmif;&eftcsuf
·oihftwGufcspfESpfoufzdkYcufcJaomolrsm;twGuf oihftm;omí
BuD;aomcspfjcif;udkay;oem;&ef ocifbk&m;udkamwifhavQmufyg/
·oihftwGufqufqHaygif;oif;zdkYcufcJaom yk*¾dKvfESihfywfoufaom
t&mwpfckcktwGuf ocifbk&m;udkaus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;zdkYtcsdeftenf;
i,f,lyg/
·oihftwGufcspfzdkY&efcufcJaomolrsm;ESihfpdwfoabmxm;nDñGwfEkdif
rnfhtaMumif;ocifbk&m;txHüNidrfoufjcif;udkawmif;avQmufyg/
19
udk,fcE¨mawmfüqufqH&if;ESD;rIrsm;
__________________________________________________________
aumavmoJ 3;18-4;1 udkzwf½Iyg/aumavmoJ 3;18-4;1 udkzwf½Iyg/
aumavmoJ 3;18-4;1 udkzwf½Iyg/aumavmoJ 3;18-4;1 udkzwf½Iyg/
aumavmoJ 3;18-4;1 udkzwf½Iyg/
&Sifaygvku aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;udk ocifc&pfawmf\udk,fcE¨mawmf
ü &SdoihfonfhqufqH&if;ESD;rIrsm;taMumif;udk a,bl,stm; jzihfajymjyaecJh
ygonf/ tcef;BuD; 3 \ þaemufqHk;tydkif;wGif &Sifaygvku aumavmoJ
toif;awmftm;tvGefoD;oefYjzpfaom qufqH&if;ESD;rIrsm;twGuf pdwfac:
wdkufwGef;xm;onf/ þtydkif;wGif &Sifaygvkonfc&pf,meftdrfaxmifrsm;
twGufvufawGUvrf;ñTefcsuftcsdKUudkazmfjyay;xm;onf/
ZeD;onfrsm;ZeD;onfrsm;
ZeD;onfrsm;ZeD;onfrsm;
ZeD;onfrsm;
&Sifaygvku tdrfaxmif&SifZeD;onfrsm;tm;ajymqdkjcif;jzihf tpjyKxm;
onf/ &Sifaygvku ZeD;onfrsm;tm;4if;wdkY\cifyGef;onfrsm; tkyfpdk;jcif;ü
tyfESHMu&ef pdefac:wdkufwGef;cJhonf/ 0efcHtyfESHjcif;[laompum;vHk;twGuf
240 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
toHk;jyKxm;aom *&dpum;vHk;rSm hupotasso [laompum;vHk;jzpfonf/
þpum;vHk;udk ppfwyfESihfqkdifaomtaMumif;t&mwGif toHk;jyKaomtcg
]]txuft&m&SdwpfOD;\trdefYatmufwGif udk,fudk,fudkpDpOfjyifqifjcif;}}[k
qdkvdkonf/ ppfwyfESihfroufqkdifaomtaMumif;t&mwGif toHk;jyKaomtcg
þpum;vHk;onf qE´tavsmuf yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufjcif;rsdK;udk&nfñTef;ajym
qdkonf/ 0efcHtyfESHaomolonf tjcm;olwpfOD;ESihfyl;aygif;aqmif&Gufaom
oljzpfonf/ 0efcHtyfESHaomolonf rdrd0efcHtyfESHaeaomol\ 0efxkwf 0efydk;
udk ulo,fay;onf/ &Sifaygvku ZeD;onfrsm;cifyGef;onfrsm;xHü 0efcHtyfEHS
jcif;udkajymjyaomtcg olonfZeD;onfrsm; 4if;wdkY\cifyGef;onfrsm;ESihf vdkvdk
vm;yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufí cifyGef;onf\0efxkyfudk cifyGef;onfESihftwl
cifyGef;onftwGufxrf;&GufoGm;&ef wm0ef0wå&m;udk&,lzdkYqE´tavQmuf
wkefYjyefjcif;twGufqihfac:wdkufwGef;aeygonf/ &Sifaygvku ZeD;onfrsm;
tm; þtrIt&monf ]]ocifbk&m;üavQmufywfonf}} [k today;xm;
onf/ wpfenf;tm;jzihfqkd&vQif þenf;vrf;onf rdom;pkrsm;&Sifoefvnf
ywfzdkYbk&m;ocifa&;qGJxm;aom yHkpHjzpfonf/
ZeD;onfrsm; bk&m;ocifonf oifwdkY\cifyGef;onfrsm;ESihf yl;aygif;
aqmif&GufMu&ef oifwdkYudkqihfac:xm;cJhonf/ ZeD;onfu cifyGef;onfxHü
0efcHtyfESH&rnf[laomtcsufu cifyGef;tm;tdrfaxmifOD;pD;t&kduft&mudk
ay;tyfxm;aMumif; nTefjyaeonf/ cifyGef;onf rdom;pkESihf rdom;pk\aumif;
&maumif;usdK;twGuf wm0ef&Sdonf/ þwm0efudkxrf; aqmif&mwGif
ZeD;onfuvnf; yl;aygif;yg0ifaqmif&Guf&rnf/ olronf cifyGef;onfudk
qefYusifwdkufcdkufzdkYr[kwfyg/ olronfcifyGef;onfESihftwl &yfwnfay;í
rdom;pktwGif;ü pnf;vHk;nDñGwfjcif;udkjzpfap&rnf/
cifyGef;onfrsm;cifyGef;onfrsm;
cifyGef;onfrsm;cifyGef;onfrsm;
cifyGef;onfrsm;
tdrfaxmifOD;pD;t&mudktcsdKUaomtrsdK;om;u wvGJtoHk;cscJhMurnfh
tjzpfudk&SifaygvkuodaecJhonf/ trsdK;om;rsm;pGmu olwdkYtdrfaxmifOD;pD;rsm;
jzpfMuaomaMumifh ZeD;onfESihfom;orD;rsm;xHrS rnfonfht&mudkrqdkawmif;
qdkydkifonf[k ,HkMunfxm;Muonf/ &Sifaygvku cifyGef;onfrsm;tm; 4if;wdkY
\ZeD;onfrsm;tm; Murf;wrf;pGmqufqHrnfhtpm; cspfjcif;arwåmudkomjyo
MuzdkYjyefvnftoday;xm;onf/ El;nHhodrfarGUjcif;? cspfjcif;ESihfpdwfESvHk;ESdrfhcsjcif;
wdkYonf cifyGef;onfrsm;udkMurf;wrf;pGmqufqHwwfjcif;rS uG,fumay;ygvdrfh
rnf/ olwdkYonf rdrdwdkY\ZeD;onfrsm;udk ½dkaoav;pm;í cspfjcif;arwåmü
pmemaxmufxm;ay;Mu&efjzpfonf/ olwdkYonfocifc&pfawmfESihf olwdkY
twGufxm;&SdcJhaom xdkocif\cspfjcif;arwåmw&m;udk yHkOyrmtjzpf&,lMu&
rnf/
ocifc&pfawmfonf Muifemoem;wwfaomarwåmw&m;jzihf uREfkyf
wdkYudkcspfygonf/ ocifc&pfawmf\cspfjcif;arwåmonf rdrd\toufudkyif
pGefYvTwf&Jaomcspfjcif;arwåmrsdK;jzpfonf/ cifyGef;onfrsm;onfvnf; rdrdwdkY\
ZeD;onfrsm;udk þtwkdif;yifcspfMu&rnfjzpfonf/ oifonf oifh&JUZeD;udk
trSefwu,fcspfjrwfEdk;vQif oihftoufudkolrtwGufpaw;ygvdrfhrnf/ qdkvdk
onfrSm oifonfolrudkulnDaz;rzdkYvdktyfaomtcgwGif oifh&JUtwå? oifh&JU
udk,fcE¨mawmfüqufqH&if;ESD;rIrsm; 243242 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
toHk;jyKxm;aom *&dpum;vHk;rSm hupotasso [laompum;vHk;jzpfonf/
þpum;vHk;udk ppfwyfESihfqkdifaomtaMumif;t&mwGif toHk;jyKaomtcg
]]txuft&m&SdwpfOD;\trdefYatmufwGif udk,fudk,fudkpDpOfjyifqifjcif;}}[k
qdkvdkonf/ ppfwyfESihfroufqkdifaomtaMumif;t&mwGif toHk;jyKaomtcg
þpum;vHk;onf qE´tavsmuf yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufjcif;rsdK;udk&nfñTef;ajym
qdkonf/ 0efcHtyfESHaomolonf tjcm;olwpfOD;ESihfyl;aygif;aqmif&Gufaom
oljzpfonf/ 0efcHtyfESHaomolonf rdrd0efcHtyfESHaeaomol\ 0efxkwf 0efydk;
udk ulo,fay;onf/ &Sifaygvku ZeD;onfrsm;cifyGef;onfrsm;xHü 0efcHtyfEHS
jcif;udkajymjyaomtcg olonfZeD;onfrsm; 4if;wdkY\cifyGef;onfrsm;ESihf vdkvdk
vm;yl;aygif;aqmif&Gufí cifyGef;onf\0efxkyfudk cifyGef;onfESihftwl
cifyGef;onftwGufxrf;&GufoGm;&ef wm0ef0wå&m;udk&,lzdkYqE´tavQmuf
wkefYjyefjcif;twGufqihfac:wdkufwGef;aeygonf/ &Sifaygvku ZeD;onfrsm;
tm; þtrIt&monf ]]ocifbk&m;üavQmufywfonf}} [k today;xm;
onf/ wpfenf;tm;jzihfqkd&vQif þenf;vrf;onf rdom;pkrsm;&Sifoefvnf
ywfzdkYbk&m;ocifa&;qGJxm;aom yHkpHjzpfonf/
ZeD;onfrsm; bk&m;ocifonf oifwdkY\cifyGef;onfrsm;ESihf yl;aygif;
aqmif&GufMu&ef oifwdkYudkqihfac:xm;cJhonf/ ZeD;onfu cifyGef;onfxHü
0efcHtyfESH&rnf[laomtcsufu cifyGef;tm;tdrfaxmifOD;pD;t&kduft&mudk
ay;tyfxm;aMumif; nTefjyaeonf/ cifyGef;onf rdom;pkESihf rdom;pk\aumif;
&maumif;usdK;twGuf wm0ef&Sdonf/ þwm0efudkxrf; aqmif&mwGif
ZeD;onfuvnf; yl;aygif;yg0ifaqmif&Guf&rnf/ olronf cifyGef;onfudk
qefYusifwdkufcdkufzdkYr[kwfyg/ olronfcifyGef;onfESihftwl &yfwnfay;í
rdom;pktwGif;ü pnf;vHk;nDñGwfjcif;udkjzpfap&rnf/
cifyGef;onfrsm;cifyGef;onfrsm;
cifyGef;onfrsm;cifyGef;onfrsm;
cifyGef;onfrsm;
tdrfaxmifOD;pD;t&mudktcsdKUaomtrsdK;om;u wvGJtoHk;cscJhMurnfh
tjzpfudk&SifaygvkuodaecJhonf/ trsdK;om;rsm;pGmu olwdkYtdrfaxmifOD;pD;rsm;
jzpfMuaomaMumifh ZeD;onfESihfom;orD;rsm;xHrS rnfonfht&mudkrqdkawmif;
qdkydkifonf[k ,HkMunfxm;Muonf/ &Sifaygvku cifyGef;onfrsm;tm; 4if;wdkY
\ZeD;onfrsm;tm; Murf;wrf;pGmqufqHrnfhtpm; cspfjcif;arwåmudkomjyo
MuzdkYjyefvnftoday;xm;onf/ El;nHhodrfarGUjcif;? cspfjcif;ESihfpdwfESvHk;ESdrfhcsjcif;
wdkYonf cifyGef;onfrsm;udkMurf;wrf;pGmqufqHwwfjcif;rS uG,fumay;ygvdrfh
rnf/ olwdkYonf rdrdwdkY\ZeD;onfrsm;udk ½dkaoav;pm;í cspfjcif;arwåmü
pmemaxmufxm;ay;Mu&efjzpfonf/ olwdkYonfocifc&pfawmfESihf olwdkY
twGufxm;&SdcJhaom xdkocif\cspfjcif;arwåmw&m;udk yHkOyrmtjzpf&,lMu&
rnf/
ocifc&pfawmfonf Muifemoem;wwfaomarwåmw&m;jzihf uREfkyf
wdkYudkcspfygonf/ ocifc&pfawmf\cspfjcif;arwåmonf rdrd\toufudkyif
pGefYvTwf&Jaomcspfjcif;arwåmrsdK;jzpfonf/ cifyGef;onfrsm;onfvnf; rdrdwdkY\
ZeD;onfrsm;udk þtwkdif;yifcspfMu&rnfjzpfonf/ oifonf oifh&JUZeD;udk
trSefwu,fcspfjrwfEdk;vQif oihftoufudkolrtwGufpaw;ygvdrfhrnf/ qdkvdk
onfrSm oifonfolrudkulnDaz;rzdkYvdktyfaomtcgwGif oifh&JUtwå? oifh&JU
udk,fcE¨mawmfüqufqH&if;ESD;rIrsm; 243242 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
oufawmifhoufom&SdrIrsm;ESihf oifh&JUtusdK;pD;yGm;ü oifao&rnf/ bk&m;udk
cspfaMumuf½dkaoaomcifyGef;onfwpfOD;onf ZeD;onfjzpfoltwGuf vdktyf
onfht&mtm;vHk;udk ay;qyfjznfhqnf;ygvdrfhrnf/ olruvnf; ulnD
axmufrolwpfOD;taejzihfvnf;aumif;? vufwGJazmfwpfOD;taejzihfvnf;
aumif; cifyGef;onfESifhyl;aygif;yg0ifaqmif&Guf&ygrnf/ wpfOD;ESihfwpfOD; twå
rJhpGmtvkyftauR;jyKaeMuvQif þuJhodkYaomqufqH&if;ESD;rIrSm tvGefvG,ful
ygonf/
om;orD;rsm;om;orD;rsm;
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om;orD;rsm;
&Sifaygvku om;orD;rsm;udk 4if;wdkY\rdbrsm;tm; t&mcyfodrf;ü
emcHMu&efajymcJhonf/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf þtrIonfocifbk&m;udk
auseyftm;&apawmfrlaomaMumifhjzpfonf/ þemcHjcif;wGif om;orD;rsm;
bufrS rdrdwdkY\pdwf0ifpm;rIrsm;ESihf pdwfqE´rsm;udk rdbrsm;tzdkYtvdkiSm ay;qyf
tepfemcHzdkYvdktyfonf/ þae&mürSwf,lxm;csufrSm þrdom;pkrsm;onf
c&pf,mefrdom;pkrsm;jzpfMuonf[laomtcsufjzpfonf/ aumavmoJNrdKUwGif
r,HkMunfolrdom;pkrsm;vnf;&SdcJhMuygvdrfhrnf/ þr,HkMunfol rdom;pkrsm;rS
rdbrsm;onf rdrdwdkY\om;orD;rsm;tm; bk&m;ocif\tvdkawmfESihfqefYusif
aomt&mrsm;udk vkyfapvdkaomqE´rsm;&SdaeMuayrnf/ xdkodkYaomtajc
taetwGif om;orD;rsm;onf rdbxufbk&m;ocifudk emcHMuzdkYvdktyfay
vdrfhrnf (wrefawmf 5;29)/
zcifrsm;zcifrsm;
zcifrsm;zcifrsm;
zcifrsm;
&Sifaygvku zcifrsm;udkqufvufíajymxm;cJhonf/ &Sifaygvku
olwdkYtm; rdrdwdkY\om;orD;rsm;udkemusnf;cg;oD;atmifrjyKrlrdMuzdkY rdefYrSmxm;cJh
onf/ olwdkYonfom;roD;rsm;udk pdwftaESmuft,Sufjzpfapjcif;jzihf pdwfysuf
tm;avsmhapjcif;rjzpfapMuzdkY txl;owdxm;Mu&rnf/ om;orD;tay:ü
awmif;qdkcsuftrsm;tjym;udk jyKvkyfjcif;jzihf uav;\pdwf"wfudkysufpD;oGm;
aponfhtjzpfrsdK;udkjyKvkyfrdzdkYrSm tvGefjzpfEkdifacs&Sdaomt&mjzpfonf/ þ
tcsif;t&monfuav;bufü emusnf;cg;oD;jcif;ESihf pdwf"gwfusjcif;rsm;udk
jzpfapEkdifygonf/ &Sifaygvku þjyóemudkem;vnfoabmaygufcJhí txl;
ojzihfzcifrsm;udk om;orD;rsm;\yifudkp½dkufudk txl;tav;xm;oHk;oyfMuzdkY
pdwfac:wdkufwGef;cJhonf/ olwdkYonf om;orD;rsm;udkcspfíauR;arG;jyKpk
apmifha&Smuf&rnfjzpfonf/ zdESdyfeif;ajcjcif;rsdK;udkrvkyf&yg/ xdkodkYjyKvkyfrdygu
om;orD;rsm;taejzihf arQmfvihfcsufrsm;ysufokef;oGm;Ekdifygonf/ zcifrsm;
jzpfMuonfhtavQmuf wpfcgwpf&HuREfkyfwdkYonf om;orD;rsm;tay:üxm;&Sd
aomarQmfvihfcsufrsm;udkajzavsmhMuzdkYvdktyfonf/ xdkodkYtm;jzihf uREfkyfwdkY
onf olwdkYudkydkifpdk;ydkifeif;vkyfí arQmfvihfcsufrsm;ysufjym;aponfhtjzpfrsdK;udk
a&Smif&Sm;Ekdifrnfjzpfonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonfom;orD;rsm;udkcGeftm;ay;wdkufwGef;
olrsm;jzpfMu&rnf/
tapcHuRefrsm;tapcHuRefrsm;
tapcHuRefrsm;tapcHuRefrsm;
tapcHuRefrsm;
aus;uRefpepfonf aumavmoJNrdKUwGif vkyfaeust&mjzpfcJhonf/
udk,fcE¨mawmfüqufqH&if;ESD;rIrsm; 245244 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
oufawmifhoufom&SdrIrsm;ESihf oifh&JUtusdK;pD;yGm;ü oifao&rnf/ bk&m;udk
cspfaMumuf½dkaoaomcifyGef;onfwpfOD;onf ZeD;onfjzpfoltwGuf vdktyf
onfht&mtm;vHk;udk ay;qyfjznfhqnf;ygvdrfhrnf/ olruvnf; ulnD
axmufrolwpfOD;taejzihfvnf;aumif;? vufwGJazmfwpfOD;taejzihfvnf;
aumif; cifyGef;onfESifhyl;aygif;yg0ifaqmif&Guf&ygrnf/ wpfOD;ESihfwpfOD; twå
rJhpGmtvkyftauR;jyKaeMuvQif þuJhodkYaomqufqH&if;ESD;rIrSm tvGefvG,ful
ygonf/
om;orD;rsm;om;orD;rsm;
om;orD;rsm;om;orD;rsm;
om;orD;rsm;
&Sifaygvku om;orD;rsm;udk 4if;wdkY\rdbrsm;tm; t&mcyfodrf;ü
emcHMu&efajymcJhonf/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf þtrIonfocifbk&m;udk
auseyftm;&apawmfrlaomaMumifhjzpfonf/ þemcHjcif;wGif om;orD;rsm;
bufrS rdrdwdkY\pdwf0ifpm;rIrsm;ESihf pdwfqE´rsm;udk rdbrsm;tzdkYtvdkiSm ay;qyf
tepfemcHzdkYvdktyfonf/ þae&mürSwf,lxm;csufrSm þrdom;pkrsm;onf
c&pf,mefrdom;pkrsm;jzpfMuonf[laomtcsufjzpfonf/ aumavmoJNrdKUwGif
r,HkMunfolrdom;pkrsm;vnf;&SdcJhMuygvdrfhrnf/ þr,HkMunfol rdom;pkrsm;rS
rdbrsm;onf rdrdwdkY\om;orD;rsm;tm; bk&m;ocif\tvdkawmfESihfqefYusif
aomt&mrsm;udk vkyfapvdkaomqE´rsm;&SdaeMuayrnf/ xdkodkYaomtajc
taetwGif om;orD;rsm;onf rdbxufbk&m;ocifudk emcHMuzdkYvdktyfay
vdrfhrnf (wrefawmf 5;29)/
zcifrsm;zcifrsm;
zcifrsm;zcifrsm;
zcifrsm;
&Sifaygvku zcifrsm;udkqufvufíajymxm;cJhonf/ &Sifaygvku
olwdkYtm; rdrdwdkY\om;orD;rsm;udkemusnf;cg;oD;atmifrjyKrlrdMuzdkY rdefYrSmxm;cJh
onf/ olwdkYonfom;roD;rsm;udk pdwftaESmuft,Sufjzpfapjcif;jzihf pdwfysuf
tm;avsmhapjcif;rjzpfapMuzdkY txl;owdxm;Mu&rnf/ om;orD;tay:ü
awmif;qdkcsuftrsm;tjym;udk jyKvkyfjcif;jzihf uav;\pdwf"wfudkysufpD;oGm;
aponfhtjzpfrsdK;udkjyKvkyfrdzdkYrSm tvGefjzpfEkdifacs&Sdaomt&mjzpfonf/ þ
tcsif;t&monfuav;bufü emusnf;cg;oD;jcif;ESihf pdwf"gwfusjcif;rsm;udk
jzpfapEkdifygonf/ &Sifaygvku þjyóemudkem;vnfoabmaygufcJhí txl;
ojzihfzcifrsm;udk om;orD;rsm;\yifudkp½dkufudk txl;tav;xm;oHk;oyfMuzdkY
pdwfac:wdkufwGef;cJhonf/ olwdkYonf om;orD;rsm;udkcspfíauR;arG;jyKpk
apmifha&Smuf&rnfjzpfonf/ zdESdyfeif;ajcjcif;rsdK;udkrvkyf&yg/ xdkodkYjyKvkyfrdygu
om;orD;rsm;taejzihf arQmfvihfcsufrsm;ysufokef;oGm;Ekdifygonf/ zcifrsm;
jzpfMuonfhtavQmuf wpfcgwpf&HuREfkyfwdkYonf om;orD;rsm;tay:üxm;&Sd
aomarQmfvihfcsufrsm;udkajzavsmhMuzdkYvdktyfonf/ xdkodkYtm;jzihf uREfkyfwdkY
onf olwdkYudkydkifpdk;ydkifeif;vkyfí arQmfvihfcsufrsm;ysufjym;aponfhtjzpfrsdK;udk
a&Smif&Sm;Ekdifrnfjzpfonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonfom;orD;rsm;udkcGeftm;ay;wdkufwGef;
olrsm;jzpfMu&rnf/
tapcHuRefrsm;tapcHuRefrsm;
tapcHuRefrsm;tapcHuRefrsm;
tapcHuRefrsm;
aus;uRefpepfonf aumavmoJNrdKUwGif vkyfaeust&mjzpfcJhonf/
udk,fcE¨mawmfüqufqH&if;ESD;rIrsm; 245244 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
&Sifaygvkonf þvkyfxHk;vkyfenf;udktm;ray;cJhyg/ tapcHuRefrsm;onf
tjcm;vlvGwfrsm;uJhodkYyif EkdifiHawmfüta&;ygaomolrsm;jzpfaMumif;udk
&Sifaygvk,HkMunfcJhonf/ odkYaomfaus;uRefpepfonf aumavmoJvlYtodkif;
t0dkif;\ wpfpdwfwpfydkif;jzpfaecJhNyDjzpfaomaMumifh &Sifaygvku þtaMumif;
udkajymqdk&jcif;jzpfonf/
&SifaygvkutapcHuRefrsm;tm; 4if;wdkY\avmuDocifrsm;udk t&m
cyfodrf;üemcHMu&efajymcJhonf/ ocifjzpfolu Munfhaeonfjzpfap? rMunfh
onfjzpfap olwdkYtaejzihfemcHvkyfaqmif&rnfjzpfonf/ tapcHuRefrsm;jzpfMu
onfhtavQmuf olwdkYonfvkyforQaomt&mü ocif\rsufESmomudk&zdkY
vkyfaqmifMu&rnf/ olwdkY\ocifrsm;udk ½dk;om;aomESvHk;om;jzihf tvkyf
tauR;jyKí bk&m;ocifudkaMumuf&GHUaompdwfjzihf tapcHMu&rnfjzpfonf/
&Sifaygvkonf tapcHuRefu ocifjzpfoludktapcHjcif;ESihf bk&m;ociftm;
aMumuf&GHU½dkaojcif;wdkYtMum;&Sd qufEG,frIwpfckudkzefwD;ay;xm;onf/
tvm;wlþtajccHOya'oonf ,aeYuREfkyfwdkYvkyfaeaomtvkyf
ESihfqufEG,frI&Sdonf/ þb0wGif uREfkyfwdkYütvkyf&Sif (odkY) pm&if;&Srf;wrf;
ay;&rnfoludk,fpD&SdMuonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonfolwdkYudk ½dk;om;íjzLpifaompdwf
xm;rsm;jzihf tvkyftauR;jyKMu&rnf/ xkdodkYjyKvkyfjcif;jzihf uREfkyfwdkYudk þt
½dkuft&mü cefYtyfxm;aombk&m;ocifudk uREfkyfwdkY½dkaoav;pm;aMumif;
jyoaeMuonf/ tcef;i,f 23 wGif &Sifaygvku uREfkyfwdkYtm;cyfodrf;aom
trIwdkYudk pdwfESvHk;t<uif;rJhjzihfjyKvkyfMu&ef pdefac:wdkufwGef;xm;onf/
taMumif;rSm uREfkyfwdkYonfocifbk&m;twGufvkyfaeMuaomaMumifhjzpf
onf/ uREfkyfwdkY vkyfaqmifaeaomt&mrsm;udk vlwdkYuodjrifMurnfr[kwf
aomfvnf; bk&m; ocifu þt&mrsm;tm;vHk;udkodjrifaeí uREfkyfwdkYudk
&Sif;vif;csufay;&ef awmif;qdkvmygvdrfhrnf/ uREfkyfwdkY\vkyfaqmifcsufrsm;ESihf
pdwfxm;twkdif; bk&m;ocifuqkay;'Pfay;jcif;udkjyKvkyfoGm;ygvdrfhrnf/
avmuDtmPmydkifrsm;tay:ü jyKvkyfaomuREfkyfwdkY\0efaqmifrIrsm;udk
bk&m;ociftm;csD;usL; *kPfjyKaeonfhtvm; vkyfaqmifMu&rnf/
tcef;i,f 25 wGif &Sifaygvku tapcHuRefrsm;tm; rw&m;aomtrI
udkjyKaomolonf rdrdjyKaomtrI\tusdK;tjypfudkcH&rnf[k jyefvnftod
ay;cJhonf/ rsufESmvdkufjcif;rsdK;r&Sd&yg/ c&pf,meftapcHuRefrsm;vnf;&Sd
aumif;&SdaecJhMuayvdrfhrnf/ xdkc&pf,meftapcHrsm;u rdrdwdkY\ avmuD
ocifonf c&pf,mefjzpfaomaMumifh rdrdwdkYusL;vGefrdaomtrSm;twGuf
'PfcwfrcHoihf[karQmfvihfaumif; arQmfvihfaecJhvdrfhrnf/ olwdkYu rdrdwdkYonf
c&pf,mef uRefocifESihf c&pfawmfünDtpfudkrsm;jzpfMuaomaMumifh uRefESihf
ociftMum;wGifvGwfvyfrItwkdif;twmwpfcktxd&Sd&rnf[k cHpm;chJMuay
rnf/ &Sifaygvku tapcHuRefrsm;tm; þodkYjzpfp&mr[kwf[kajymcJhonf/
c&pf,meftapcHuRefrsm;twGuf txl;tcGihfta&;rsdK;&Sdrnfr[kwfyg/ olwdkY
onfr,HkMunfoltapcHuRefrm;uJhodkY w&m;rQwpGmtjypfay;cHMu&rnfjzpf
onf/
uRefocifrsm;uRefocifrsm;
uRefocifrsm;uRefocifrsm;
uRefocifrsm;
xdkYaemuf&Sifaygvku uRefocifrsm;udk4if;wdkY\tapcHuRefrsm;udk ay;
246 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm udk,fcE¨mawmfüqufqH&if;ESD;rIrsm; 247
&Sifaygvkonf þvkyfxHk;vkyfenf;udktm;ray;cJhyg/ tapcHuRefrsm;onf
tjcm;vlvGwfrsm;uJhodkYyif EkdifiHawmfüta&;ygaomolrsm;jzpfaMumif;udk
&Sifaygvk,HkMunfcJhonf/ odkYaomfaus;uRefpepfonf aumavmoJvlYtodkif;
t0dkif;\ wpfpdwfwpfydkif;jzpfaecJhNyDjzpfaomaMumifh &Sifaygvku þtaMumif;
udkajymqdk&jcif;jzpfonf/
&SifaygvkutapcHuRefrsm;tm; 4if;wdkY\avmuDocifrsm;udk t&m
cyfodrf;üemcHMu&efajymcJhonf/ ocifjzpfolu Munfhaeonfjzpfap? rMunfh
onfjzpfap olwdkYtaejzihfemcHvkyfaqmif&rnfjzpfonf/ tapcHuRefrsm;jzpfMu
onfhtavQmuf olwdkYonfvkyforQaomt&mü ocif\rsufESmomudk&zdkY
vkyfaqmifMu&rnf/ olwdkY\ocifrsm;udk ½dk;om;aomESvHk;om;jzihf tvkyf
tauR;jyKí bk&m;ocifudkaMumuf&GHUaompdwfjzihf tapcHMu&rnfjzpfonf/
&Sifaygvkonf tapcHuRefu ocifjzpfoludktapcHjcif;ESihf bk&m;ociftm;
aMumuf&GHU½dkaojcif;wdkYtMum;&Sd qufEG,frIwpfckudkzefwD;ay;xm;onf/
tvm;wlþtajccHOya'oonf ,aeYuREfkyfwdkYvkyfaeaomtvkyf
ESihfqufEG,frI&Sdonf/ þb0wGif uREfkyfwdkYütvkyf&Sif (odkY) pm&if;&Srf;wrf;
ay;&rnfoludk,fpD&SdMuonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonfolwdkYudk ½dk;om;íjzLpifaompdwf
xm;rsm;jzihf tvkyftauR;jyKMu&rnf/ xkdodkYjyKvkyfjcif;jzihf uREfkyfwdkYudk þt
½dkuft&mü cefYtyfxm;aombk&m;ocifudk uREfkyfwdkY½dkaoav;pm;aMumif;
jyoaeMuonf/ tcef;i,f 23 wGif &Sifaygvku uREfkyfwdkYtm;cyfodrf;aom
trIwdkYudk pdwfESvHk;t<uif;rJhjzihfjyKvkyfMu&ef pdefac:wdkufwGef;xm;onf/
taMumif;rSm uREfkyfwdkYonfocifbk&m;twGufvkyfaeMuaomaMumifhjzpf
onf/ uREfkyfwdkY vkyfaqmifaeaomt&mrsm;udk vlwdkYuodjrifMurnfr[kwf
aomfvnf; bk&m; ocifu þt&mrsm;tm;vHk;udkodjrifaeí uREfkyfwdkYudk
&Sif;vif;csufay;&ef awmif;qdkvmygvdrfhrnf/ uREfkyfwdkY\vkyfaqmifcsufrsm;ESihf
pdwfxm;twkdif; bk&m;ocifuqkay;'Pfay;jcif;udkjyKvkyfoGm;ygvdrfhrnf/
avmuDtmPmydkifrsm;tay:ü jyKvkyfaomuREfkyfwdkY\0efaqmifrIrsm;udk
bk&m;ociftm;csD;usL; *kPfjyKaeonfhtvm; vkyfaqmifMu&rnf/
tcef;i,f 25 wGif &Sifaygvku tapcHuRefrsm;tm; rw&m;aomtrI
udkjyKaomolonf rdrdjyKaomtrI\tusdK;tjypfudkcH&rnf[k jyefvnftod
ay;cJhonf/ rsufESmvdkufjcif;rsdK;r&Sd&yg/ c&pf,meftapcHuRefrsm;vnf;&Sd
aumif;&SdaecJhMuayvdrfhrnf/ xdkc&pf,meftapcHrsm;u rdrdwdkY\ avmuD
ocifonf c&pf,mefjzpfaomaMumifh rdrdwdkYusL;vGefrdaomtrSm;twGuf
'PfcwfrcHoihf[karQmfvihfaumif; arQmfvihfaecJhvdrfhrnf/ olwdkYu rdrdwdkYonf
c&pf,mef uRefocifESihf c&pfawmfünDtpfudkrsm;jzpfMuaomaMumifh uRefESihf
ociftMum;wGifvGwfvyfrItwkdif;twmwpfcktxd&Sd&rnf[k cHpm;chJMuay
rnf/ &Sifaygvku tapcHuRefrsm;tm; þodkYjzpfp&mr[kwf[kajymcJhonf/
c&pf,meftapcHuRefrsm;twGuf txl;tcGihfta&;rsdK;&Sdrnfr[kwfyg/ olwdkY
onfr,HkMunfoltapcHuRefrm;uJhodkY w&m;rQwpGmtjypfay;cHMu&rnfjzpf
onf/
uRefocifrsm;uRefocifrsm;
uRefocifrsm;uRefocifrsm;
uRefocifrsm;
xdkYaemuf&Sifaygvku uRefocifrsm;udk4if;wdkY\tapcHuRefrsm;udk ay;
246 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm udk,fcE¨mawmfüqufqH&if;ESD;rIrsm; 247
urf;axmufyHhMu&ef pdefac:wdkufwGef;cJhonf (4;1)/ uRefocifrsm;onf
tapcHuRefrsm;tm; rormaomenf;udkoHk;ívSnfhjzm;jcif; (odkY)rw&m;
qufqHjyKrljcif;rsm;udkrvkyfoihfay/ tapcHuRefrsm;\vdktyfcsufrs;udk axmuf
yHhjznfhqnf;ay;Mu&rnfjzpfonf/ 0dnmOfawmfESihfjynfh0aom þuRefocif
rsm;onf rdrdwdkY\tapcHuRefrsm;tay:ü apwempdwfwdk;yGm;íolwdkYudk
av;av;pm;pm;jyKrlqufqH&rnfjzpfonf/ &Sifaygvk\tqdkt& olwdkYonf
vnf; aumif;uifbHkwGif t&Sifocifwpfyg;&SdMuaomaMumifh þt&mrsm;udk
jyKvkyfMu&rnfjzpfonf/ wpfenf;tm;jzihfqdk&vQif olwdkY\tapcHuRefrsm;
olwdkYudk&Sif;vif;csufay;Mu&ouJhodkY olwkdYonfvnf; bk&m;ocifudk&Sif;vif;
csufay;Mu&rnfjzpfonf/ rdrdwdkY\tapcHuRefrsm;udk rnfodkYjyKrlqufqHcJhMu
onf[laomtcsufudk bk&m;ocifxHü jyefvnf&Sif;vif;Mu&rnfjzpfonf/
&Sifaygvku uREfkyfwdkYtm;þae&müajymjyaeaomt&mrSm uREfkyfwdkY
onf ocifbk&m;\aocHjcif;ESihf &Sifjyefxajrmufjcif;wdkYwGif xdkocifESihf
wpfvHk;wpf0wnf;aygif;pnf;cJhMuaomaMumifh uREfkyfwdkYonf bk&m;ocif
tay:ü wm0ef0wå&mBuD;wpfck&SdaeMuonf[laomtcsufjzpfonf/ uREfkyf
wdkYtwGufjyKvkyfoGm;cJhaomtrIawmftwGuf uREfkyfwdkYonfbk&m;ocifudk
*kPfjyKMu&efwm0ef&Sd½Hkomr[kwf uREfkyfwdkY\vlom;nDtpfudkrsm;udkvnf;
*kPfjyKMu&efwm0ef&SdMuonf/
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&rnfhtcsufrsm;pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&rnfhtcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&rnfhtcsufrsm;pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&rnfhtcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&rnfhtcsufrsm;
·ZeD;onfonf olr\cifyGef;tay:ü 0efcHtyfESHjcif;qkdonfrSm tb,f
enf;/ þtcsif;t&mucifyGef;onfonf olrudkxdef;csKyfjc,fvS,f
í oltvdk&Sdonfhtwkdif; olrudkjyKvkyfapydkifonf[k qdkvdkygovm;/
·arwåmppf arwåmrSefonf cifyGef;onftm; ol\ZeD;onfudk xdef;csKyf
jc,fvS,fjcif;rS rnfodkYuG,fumay;ygoenf;/ rdrdwdkY\ZeD;onfrsm;
udk cspfjcif;qkdonfrSm rnfodkYjzpfaMumif;udkocifa,½Iu cifyGef;onf
rsm;tm;rnfodkY yHkoufaojyxm;ygoenf;/
·oifh&JUtvkyfudkpOf;pm;oHk;oyfzdkYtcsdeftenf;i,f,lyg/ bk&m;ocif
onf oif&JUvkyfaqmifrIrsm;udk auseyftm;&aernfhyHkpHrsdK;jzihf oihf
tvkyfudkoifvkyfaeygovm;/
·uav;\pdwf"gwfa&;&mudk ysufpD;aprnfh taMumif;t&mESihfpyfvsOf;
í &Sifaygvku þae&mwGifrnfodkYajymjyvdkaeygoenf;/
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
·oifonfZeD;onfwpfa,mufjzpfvQif oihf&JUcifyGef;onfESihf yl;aygif;
yg0ifaqmif&Gufvdkaompdwf&SdzdkY ulnDrpay;&efocifbk&m;udkawmif;
avQmufyg/
·oifonfcifyGef;onfwpfa,mufjzpfvQif oihf&JUZeD;onfudkcspfí olr
twGufoihfudk,foif jiif;y,f&efqE´&SdzdkYulnDrpay;&ef ocifbk&m;
udkawmif;avQmufyg/
·oihf&JUom;orD;rsm;udk pdwf"gwfrusapaomrdbjzpfzdkY ulnDray;&ef
ocifbk&m;udkawmif;avQmufyg/
udk,fcE¨mawmfüqufqH&if;ESD;rIrsm; 249248 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
urf;axmufyHhMu&ef pdefac:wdkufwGef;cJhonf (4;1)/ uRefocifrsm;onf
tapcHuRefrsm;tm; rormaomenf;udkoHk;ívSnfhjzm;jcif; (odkY)rw&m;
qufqHjyKrljcif;rsm;udkrvkyfoihfay/ tapcHuRefrsm;\vdktyfcsufrs;udk axmuf
yHhjznfhqnf;ay;Mu&rnfjzpfonf/ 0dnmOfawmfESihfjynfh0aom þuRefocif
rsm;onf rdrdwdkY\tapcHuRefrsm;tay:ü apwempdwfwdk;yGm;íolwdkYudk
av;av;pm;pm;jyKrlqufqH&rnfjzpfonf/ &Sifaygvk\tqdkt& olwdkYonf
vnf; aumif;uifbHkwGif t&Sifocifwpfyg;&SdMuaomaMumifh þt&mrsm;udk
jyKvkyfMu&rnfjzpfonf/ wpfenf;tm;jzihfqdk&vQif olwdkY\tapcHuRefrsm;
olwdkYudk&Sif;vif;csufay;Mu&ouJhodkY olwkdYonfvnf; bk&m;ocifudk&Sif;vif;
csufay;Mu&rnfjzpfonf/ rdrdwdkY\tapcHuRefrsm;udk rnfodkYjyKrlqufqHcJhMu
onf[laomtcsufudk bk&m;ocifxHü jyefvnf&Sif;vif;Mu&rnfjzpfonf/
&Sifaygvku uREfkyfwdkYtm;þae&müajymjyaeaomt&mrSm uREfkyfwdkY
onf ocifbk&m;\aocHjcif;ESihf &Sifjyefxajrmufjcif;wdkYwGif xdkocifESihf
wpfvHk;wpf0wnf;aygif;pnf;cJhMuaomaMumifh uREfkyfwdkYonf bk&m;ocif
tay:ü wm0ef0wå&mBuD;wpfck&SdaeMuonf[laomtcsufjzpfonf/ uREfkyf
wdkYtwGufjyKvkyfoGm;cJhaomtrIawmftwGuf uREfkyfwdkYonfbk&m;ocifudk
*kPfjyKMu&efwm0ef&Sd½Hkomr[kwf uREfkyfwdkY\vlom;nDtpfudkrsm;udkvnf;
*kPfjyKMu&efwm0ef&SdMuonf/
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&rnfhtcsufrsm;pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&rnfhtcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&rnfhtcsufrsm;pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&rnfhtcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&rnfhtcsufrsm;
·ZeD;onfonf olr\cifyGef;tay:ü 0efcHtyfESHjcif;qkdonfrSm tb,f
enf;/ þtcsif;t&mucifyGef;onfonf olrudkxdef;csKyfjc,fvS,f
í oltvdk&Sdonfhtwkdif; olrudkjyKvkyfapydkifonf[k qdkvdkygovm;/
·arwåmppf arwåmrSefonf cifyGef;onftm; ol\ZeD;onfudk xdef;csKyf
jc,fvS,fjcif;rS rnfodkYuG,fumay;ygoenf;/ rdrdwdkY\ZeD;onfrsm;
udk cspfjcif;qkdonfrSm rnfodkYjzpfaMumif;udkocifa,½Iu cifyGef;onf
rsm;tm;rnfodkY yHkoufaojyxm;ygoenf;/
·oifh&JUtvkyfudkpOf;pm;oHk;oyfzdkYtcsdeftenf;i,f,lyg/ bk&m;ocif
onf oif&JUvkyfaqmifrIrsm;udk auseyftm;&aernfhyHkpHrsdK;jzihf oihf
tvkyfudkoifvkyfaeygovm;/
·uav;\pdwf"gwfa&;&mudk ysufpD;aprnfh taMumif;t&mESihfpyfvsOf;
í &Sifaygvku þae&mwGifrnfodkYajymjyvdkaeygoenf;/
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
·oifonfZeD;onfwpfa,mufjzpfvQif oihf&JUcifyGef;onfESihf yl;aygif;
yg0ifaqmif&Gufvdkaompdwf&SdzdkY ulnDrpay;&efocifbk&m;udkawmif;
avQmufyg/
·oifonfcifyGef;onfwpfa,mufjzpfvQif oihf&JUZeD;onfudkcspfí olr
twGufoihfudk,foif jiif;y,f&efqE´&SdzdkYulnDrpay;&ef ocifbk&m;
udkawmif;avQmufyg/
·oihf&JUom;orD;rsm;udk pdwf"gwfrusapaomrdbjzpfzdkY ulnDray;&ef
ocifbk&m;udkawmif;avQmufyg/
udk,fcE¨mawmfüqufqH&if;ESD;rIrsm; 249248 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
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20
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__________________________________________________________
aumavmoJ 4;2-6 udk zwf½Iyg/aumavmoJ 4;2-6 udk zwf½Iyg/
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20
qkawmif;jcif;? OmPfynmESihfaus;Zl;awmf
__________________________________________________________
aumavmoJ 4;2-6 udk zwf½Iyg/aumavmoJ 4;2-6 udk zwf½Iyg/
aumavmoJ 4;2-6 udk zwf½Iyg/aumavmoJ 4;2-6 udk zwf½Iyg/
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vmMuygonf/ bk&m;ocifudkremcHzdkYtcGihfta&;r&SdrDüyif þtcsif;t&mtm;
jzihf uREfkyfwdkYudktjypfpD&ifcsufcs&efvHkavmufaecJhonf/
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oifrnfodkYwdk;wufaumif;rGefvmEkdifygoenf;/
·,Ofaus;ysLiSmpGmajymqdkwwf&ef uREfkyfwdkYoif,lMuzdkY tb,faMumifh
ta&;BuD;ygoenf;/ ocifa,½Iudk uREfkyfwdkYoufaocH&mü þt&m
u rnfodkYtusdK;oufa&mufrIay;ygoenf;/
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
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ocifbk&m;xHüawmif;avQmufyg/
·ocif\cspfjcif;arwåmw&m;udk vufawGUusaomenf;vrf;rsm;jzihf
a0iS&efaeYpOfaeYwkdif;oihftm;ay;oem;xm;aomtcGihfta&;aumif;
rsm;jyoay;zdkYocifbk&m;xHüawmif;avQmufyg/ emcHwwfaomol
jzpfEdkifzdkY cGeftm;rsm;ay;oem;&efudkvnf;awmif;avQmufyg/
·ocifc&pfawmf\udk,fcE¨mawmfudkwnfaqmufEkdifrnfhtaMumif;
oihf&JUEIwfxGufpum;vHk;rsm;wGif tjyKoabmaqmifí ,Ofaus;
ysLiSmaomoljzpf&ef ulnDrpay;zdkY ocifbk&m;udkawmif;avQmufyg/
·oihf&JUpum;vHk;rsm;ESihf vkyfaqmifrIrsm;twGuf ocifbk&m;ESihfydkí
o@mefwlvmaomoljzpfvdkaompdwfESvHk;udkay;oem;&ef awmif;
avQmufyg/
qkawmif;jcif;? OmPfynmESifh aus;Zl;awmf 265264 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
·qkawmif;jcif;ü aus;Zl;odwwfaompdwf&SdzdkYESihfpyfvsOf;í &Sifaygvku
uREfkyfwdkYtm; rnfodkYoGefoifay;xm;ygoenf;/
·rdrd\cspfjcif;arwåmw&m;udkjyozdkY oifh&JUvuf&Sdb0tajctaeudk
oihftm;bk&m;ocifu rnfodkYtoHk;jyKapvdkygoenf;/
·uREfkyfwdkY\vIyf&Sm;vkyfaqmifcsufrsm;jzihf bk&m;ocif\cspfjcif;arwåm
udk a0iSjcif;ESihfpyfvsOf;í uREfkyfwdkYrnfodkYoif,lMu&ygoenf;/ þ
tcsif;t&mudkoifrnfodkYvkyfaqmifaecJhygoenf;/ þtcsif;t&mü
oifrnfodkYwdk;wufaumif;rGefvmEkdifygoenf;/
·,Ofaus;ysLiSmpGmajymqdkwwf&ef uREfkyfwdkYoif,lMuzdkY tb,faMumifh
ta&;BuD;ygoenf;/ ocifa,½Iudk uREfkyfwdkYoufaocH&mü þt&m
u rnfodkYtusdK;oufa&mufrIay;ygoenf;/
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
·qkawmif;jcif;üoihfudkoifydkí jynfh0pGmqufuyf&ef oifMum;ay;zdkY
ocifbk&m;xHüawmif;avQmufyg/
·ocif\cspfjcif;arwåmw&m;udk vufawGUusaomenf;vrf;rsm;jzihf
a0iS&efaeYpOfaeYwkdif;oihftm;ay;oem;xm;aomtcGihfta&;aumif;
rsm;jyoay;zdkYocifbk&m;xHüawmif;avQmufyg/ emcHwwfaomol
jzpfEdkifzdkY cGeftm;rsm;ay;oem;&efudkvnf;awmif;avQmufyg/
·ocifc&pfawmf\udk,fcE¨mawmfudkwnfaqmufEkdifrnfhtaMumif;
oihf&JUEIwfxGufpum;vHk;rsm;wGif tjyKoabmaqmifí ,Ofaus;
ysLiSmaomoljzpf&ef ulnDrpay;zdkY ocifbk&m;udkawmif;avQmufyg/
·oihf&JUpum;vHk;rsm;ESihf vkyfaqmifrIrsm;twGuf ocifbk&m;ESihfydkí
o@mefwlvmaomoljzpfvdkaompdwfESvHk;udkay;oem;&ef awmif;
avQmufyg/
qkawmif;jcif;? OmPfynmESifh aus;Zl;awmf 265264 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
21
aemufqHk;EIwfqufjcif;
__________________________________________________________
aumavmoJ 4;7-18 udk zwf½Iyg/aumavmoJ 4;7-18 udk zwf½Iyg/
aumavmoJ 4;7-18 udk zwf½Iyg/aumavmoJ 4;7-18 udk zwf½Iyg/
aumavmoJ 4;7-18 udk zwf½Iyg/
tcef;BuD; 4 \ þaemufqHk;tydkif;wGif&Sifaygvku vkyfaz:udkifzuf
toD;oD;xHrS EIwfcGef;qufojcif;rsm;udkaumavmoJNrdKU&Sd toif;awmfxHodkY
a&;ydkYcJhonf/ þyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;csif;udk oD;jcm;pDcGJí uREfkyfwdkYavhvmoGm;ygrnf/
&SifaygvkyxrqHk;azmfjyxm;cJhaomyk*¾dKvfrSm wkcdwf[ktrnfwGifaom
trsdK;om;wpfOD;jzpfonf/ rdrd\tajctaeudk aumaomoJ,HkMunfolrsm;
tm; ajymMum;a0iSzdkY&Sifaygvku wkcdwfudk aumavmoJtoif;awmfodkY
apvTwfcJhonf/ &Sifaygvku wkcdwfudkcspf&aomnDwpfa,muftjzpfrSwf,lcJh
onf/ owif;aumif;w&m;a[mMum;&mü opöm&SdaomtrIxrf;tjzpf
oufaoxlcJhNyD;oljzpfonf/ &Sifaygvku wkcdwfudk rdrd\b0tajctae
rsm;ESihftwl aumavmoJNrdKU&Sd toif;awmftm;cGeftm;ay;pum;ajymMum;
apvdkcJhonf/ aumavmoJtoif;awmfonf &Sifaygvkaxmifusaeonfh
21
aemufqHk;EIwfqufjcif;
__________________________________________________________
aumavmoJ 4;7-18 udk zwf½Iyg/aumavmoJ 4;7-18 udk zwf½Iyg/
aumavmoJ 4;7-18 udk zwf½Iyg/aumavmoJ 4;7-18 udk zwf½Iyg/
aumavmoJ 4;7-18 udk zwf½Iyg/
tcef;BuD; 4 \ þaemufqHk;tydkif;wGif&Sifaygvku vkyfaz:udkifzuf
toD;oD;xHrS EIwfcGef;qufojcif;rsm;udkaumavmoJNrdKU&Sd toif;awmfxHodkY
a&;ydkYcJhonf/ þyk*¾dKvfwpfOD;csif;udk oD;jcm;pDcGJí uREfkyfwdkYavhvmoGm;ygrnf/
&SifaygvkyxrqHk;azmfjyxm;cJhaomyk*¾dKvfrSm wkcdwf[ktrnfwGifaom
trsdK;om;wpfOD;jzpfonf/ rdrd\tajctaeudk aumaomoJ,HkMunfolrsm;
tm; ajymMum;a0iSzdkY&Sifaygvku wkcdwfudk aumavmoJtoif;awmfodkY
apvTwfcJhonf/ &Sifaygvku wkcdwfudkcspf&aomnDwpfa,muftjzpfrSwf,lcJh
onf/ owif;aumif;w&m;a[mMum;&mü opöm&SdaomtrIxrf;tjzpf
oufaoxlcJhNyD;oljzpfonf/ &Sifaygvku wkcdwfudk rdrd\b0tajctae
rsm;ESihftwl aumavmoJNrdKU&Sd toif;awmftm;cGeftm;ay;pum;ajymMum;
apvdkcJhonf/ aumavmoJtoif;awmfonf &Sifaygvkaxmifusaeonfh
tjzpfudkod&Sdxm;MuonfESihftrQ &SifaygvktwGufpdk;&drfylyefaeMuonfrSm
txift&Sm;yifjzpfonf/ &Sifaygvkaxmifeef;pHae&pOfüyif &Sifaygvkonf
rdrdtwGufpdk;&drfylyefrIr&SdyJ? rdrdtwGuf0rf;enf;ylaqG;aeMurnfholrsm;twGuf
ydkípdk;&drfylyefay;aeonfudkawGUjrif&onfrSm pdwf0ifpm;p&maumif;aeonf/
toif;awmfudkcGeftm;ay;ESpfodrfhí rdrdtwGufolwdkY\pdk;&drfylyefrIrsm;udk
ajzavsmhay;&ef &Sifaygvku wkcdwfudkaumavmoJNrdKUodkY apvTwfcJhonf/
aumavmoJNrdKUudk wkcdwfwpfOD;wnf;roGm;cJhyg/ olonfMoaeodrf
[ktrnfwGifaomtrsdK;om;wpfOD;udk rdrdESihftwlac:oGm;cJhonf/ Moaeodrf
taMumif;udk zdavrkefMo0g'pmwGif uREfkyfwdkYzwf½IMu&onf/ olonftapcH
uREfwpfOD;jzpfí rdrd\ocifzdavrkefxHrS ckd;,lvk,ufcJholjzpfonf/ xdkodkY
cdk;,lvk,ufíxGufajy;cJhNyD;aemufydkif;wGif olonfocifbk&m;udk,HkMunfvuf
cHcJhNyD;? &SifaygvkaxmifuspOfumvwGif &SifaygvktwGuftvGeftaxmuf
tuljyKcJhaomoltjzpfoufaoxlcJhonf/ &Sifaygvku olYudkaumavmoJ
NrdKUüaexdkifaomocifjzpfol zdavrkefxHodkYjrefvnfapvTwfcJhonf/ &Sifaygvk
u Moaeodrfudkocifc&pfawmfü tvGefcspf&aomnDtpfudkwpfOD;tjzpf
rSwf,lcJhonf/ Moaeodrfonf rdrd\ocifudkjypfrSm;cJhaomfvnf; ocifbk&m;
udk,HkMunfvufcHNyD;aemufwGif xdktrSm;udkjyefvnfjyKjyifwnfhrwfvdkcJhonf/
&Sifaygvkonftwdwfü MoaeodrfjyKvkyfcJhaomt&mESihf Moaeodrf\ypöKyÜef
toHk;0ifyHkudkMunfh½I&if; topfawGU&Sdxm;aom ocifbk&m;ESihfMoaeodrf\
qufqH&if;ESD;rIudk oHk;oyfcJhonf/
&Sifaygvkonf wkcdwfESihfMoaeodrfwdkYudkaumavmoJNrdKUodkYapvTwf
cJhaomfvnf; tjcm;vkyfazmfaqmifzufnDtpfudkrsm;rSm aumavmoJNrdKUodkY
oGm;cGihfr&cJhMuay/ tcef;i,f 10 wGif &Sifaygvku 4if;ESihftusOf;uszuf
jzpfaom tm&dwåmcktrnfudkaz:jyxm;onf/ tm&dwåmckonf oufom
avmedwfNrdKUom;jzpfí &SifaygvkESihfc&D;oGm;azmfoGm;zufwpfOD;jzpfaMumif;
wrefawmf 19;29 ESihf 27;2 wdkYrS uREfkyfwdkYod&Sdem;vnfEkdifonf/
&Sifaygvku AmeA\wlrmukxHrS EIwfcGef;qufojcif;udkvnf; a&;ydkY
cJhonf/ rmukonf &SifaygvkESihfc&D;oGm;azmfoGm;zufwpfOD;jzpfaomfvnf;
wpfBudrfwGif &Sifaygvkonf rmukudkpGefYypfcJhonf/ AmeAonf rmukudk
aemufqufwGJc&D;pOfwGif ac:oGm;zdkYa&G;cs,fcJhaomfvnf; &Sifaygvku xdk
qHk;jzwfcsufudkvHk;0vufrcHEkdifcJhaomaMumifh &SifaygvkESihfAmeAwdkYvrf;cGJí
udk,fhc&D;udk,favQmufcJhMuonf/ þae&mwGifxl;jcm;onfhtcsufrSm &Sifaygvk
onf rdrdESihfrmukMum;&SdrwlnDcsufrsm;udk ajz&Sif;nd§EdIif;cJhNyD;aMumif; xifjrif
oHk;oyf&onf/ &SifaygvkuaumavmoJtoif;awmftm; rmukudk vdIufvdIuf
vSJvSJBudKqdkvufcHMu&ef cGeftm;ay;cJhonf/
tcef;i,f 10 wGif &Sifaygvku a,½I[ktrnfwGifaom ,kwåKt
aMumif;udkvnf;azmfjyxm;onf/ ,kwåKonf ,k'vlrsdK;wpfOD;jzpfNyD; ocif
a,½IudkvufcH,HkMunfcJhonf/ olESihftwlþae&müazmfjyxm;aomvkyfazmf
udkifzufrsm;onf &Sifaygvk'ku©a&mufaecsdefwGif &SifaygvktwGufppfrSefaom
ESpfodrfhtm;ay;rIrsm;jzpfcJhMuaMumif;udk oufaoxlcJhMuonf/ &Sifaygvk
tusOf;pHae&csdefwGif bk&m;ocifonf ,HkMunfolnDtpfudkrsm;udk &Sifaygvk
tm;az;rulnD&eftoHk;jyKcJhonf/
268 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm aemufqHk;EIwfcGef;qufjcif; 269
tjzpfudkod&Sdxm;MuonfESihftrQ &SifaygvktwGufpdk;&drfylyefaeMuonfrSm
txift&Sm;yifjzpfonf/ &Sifaygvkaxmifeef;pHae&pOfüyif &Sifaygvkonf
rdrdtwGufpdk;&drfylyefrIr&SdyJ? rdrdtwGuf0rf;enf;ylaqG;aeMurnfholrsm;twGuf
ydkípdk;&drfylyefay;aeonfudkawGUjrif&onfrSm pdwf0ifpm;p&maumif;aeonf/
toif;awmfudkcGeftm;ay;ESpfodrfhí rdrdtwGufolwdkY\pdk;&drfylyefrIrsm;udk
ajzavsmhay;&ef &Sifaygvku wkcdwfudkaumavmoJNrdKUodkY apvTwfcJhonf/
aumavmoJNrdKUudk wkcdwfwpfOD;wnf;roGm;cJhyg/ olonfMoaeodrf
[ktrnfwGifaomtrsdK;om;wpfOD;udk rdrdESihftwlac:oGm;cJhonf/ Moaeodrf
taMumif;udk zdavrkefMo0g'pmwGif uREfkyfwdkYzwf½IMu&onf/ olonftapcH
uREfwpfOD;jzpfí rdrd\ocifzdavrkefxHrS ckd;,lvk,ufcJholjzpfonf/ xdkodkY
cdk;,lvk,ufíxGufajy;cJhNyD;aemufydkif;wGif olonfocifbk&m;udk,HkMunfvuf
cHcJhNyD;? &SifaygvkaxmifuspOfumvwGif &SifaygvktwGuftvGeftaxmuf
tuljyKcJhaomoltjzpfoufaoxlcJhonf/ &Sifaygvku olYudkaumavmoJ
NrdKUüaexdkifaomocifjzpfol zdavrkefxHodkYjrefvnfapvTwfcJhonf/ &Sifaygvk
u Moaeodrfudkocifc&pfawmfü tvGefcspf&aomnDtpfudkwpfOD;tjzpf
rSwf,lcJhonf/ Moaeodrfonf rdrd\ocifudkjypfrSm;cJhaomfvnf; ocifbk&m;
udk,HkMunfvufcHNyD;aemufwGif xdktrSm;udkjyefvnfjyKjyifwnfhrwfvdkcJhonf/
&Sifaygvkonftwdwfü MoaeodrfjyKvkyfcJhaomt&mESihf Moaeodrf\ypöKyÜef
toHk;0ifyHkudkMunfh½I&if; topfawGU&Sdxm;aom ocifbk&m;ESihfMoaeodrf\
qufqH&if;ESD;rIudk oHk;oyfcJhonf/
&Sifaygvkonf wkcdwfESihfMoaeodrfwdkYudkaumavmoJNrdKUodkYapvTwf
cJhaomfvnf; tjcm;vkyfazmfaqmifzufnDtpfudkrsm;rSm aumavmoJNrdKUodkY
oGm;cGihfr&cJhMuay/ tcef;i,f 10 wGif &Sifaygvku 4if;ESihftusOf;uszuf
jzpfaom tm&dwåmcktrnfudkaz:jyxm;onf/ tm&dwåmckonf oufom
avmedwfNrdKUom;jzpfí &SifaygvkESihfc&D;oGm;azmfoGm;zufwpfOD;jzpfaMumif;
wrefawmf 19;29 ESihf 27;2 wdkYrS uREfkyfwdkYod&Sdem;vnfEkdifonf/
&Sifaygvku AmeA\wlrmukxHrS EIwfcGef;qufojcif;udkvnf; a&;ydkY
cJhonf/ rmukonf &SifaygvkESihfc&D;oGm;azmfoGm;zufwpfOD;jzpfaomfvnf;
wpfBudrfwGif &Sifaygvkonf rmukudkpGefYypfcJhonf/ AmeAonf rmukudk
aemufqufwGJc&D;pOfwGif ac:oGm;zdkYa&G;cs,fcJhaomfvnf; &Sifaygvku xdk
qHk;jzwfcsufudkvHk;0vufrcHEkdifcJhaomaMumifh &SifaygvkESihfAmeAwdkYvrf;cGJí
udk,fhc&D;udk,favQmufcJhMuonf/ þae&mwGifxl;jcm;onfhtcsufrSm &Sifaygvk
onf rdrdESihfrmukMum;&SdrwlnDcsufrsm;udk ajz&Sif;nd§EdIif;cJhNyD;aMumif; xifjrif
oHk;oyf&onf/ &SifaygvkuaumavmoJtoif;awmftm; rmukudk vdIufvdIuf
vSJvSJBudKqdkvufcHMu&ef cGeftm;ay;cJhonf/
tcef;i,f 10 wGif &Sifaygvku a,½I[ktrnfwGifaom ,kwåKt
aMumif;udkvnf;azmfjyxm;onf/ ,kwåKonf ,k'vlrsdK;wpfOD;jzpfNyD; ocif
a,½IudkvufcH,HkMunfcJhonf/ olESihftwlþae&müazmfjyxm;aomvkyfazmf
udkifzufrsm;onf &Sifaygvk'ku©a&mufaecsdefwGif &SifaygvktwGufppfrSefaom
ESpfodrfhtm;ay;rIrsm;jzpfcJhMuaMumif;udk oufaoxlcJhMuonf/ &Sifaygvk
tusOf;pHae&csdefwGif bk&m;ocifonf ,HkMunfolnDtpfudkrsm;udk &Sifaygvk
tm;az;rulnD&eftoHk;jyKcJhonf/
268 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm aemufqHk;EIwfcGef;qufjcif; 269
aumavmoJteD;0ef;usifwGifaexdkifcJhaom {yjzxHrS EIwfcGef;qufo
rIvnf;yg0ifvmonf/ olonf&Sifaygvktm;tusOf;axmifxJü ulnDyHhydk;ay;
zdkY aumavmoJNrdKUrSxGufvmcJholjzpfonf (aumavmoJ 1;7)/ xdkNrdKU&Sd
toif;awmfxJodkY rdrd\EIwfcGef;quforIudk ay;ydkYcJhonf/ {yjzonf
aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;twGuf txl;ojzihfqkawmif;jcif;wGif vHk;yef;aecJh
oljzpfonf/ ol\qkawmif;oHrSm þtoif;awmfonfbk&m;ocif\ tvdkawmf
xJü opöm&Sd&SdwnfwHhae&efjzpfonf/ ol\pdwfqE´rSm aumavmoJ,HkMunfol
rsm; rdrdwdkY\,HkMunfjcif;ü &ihfusufvmMuí pdwfcsrItjynfh&SdaeMu&efjzpf
onf/ &SifaygvkuaumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;tm; {yjzonf rdrd'ku©a&muf
aecsdefwGif tultnDay;jcif;jzifh 4if;wdkYtwGuftvkyfBudK;BudK;pm;pm;vkyfae
ygonf[k ajymcJhonf/
&Sifaygvk\ oufwrf;&Snfc&D;oGm;azmfoGm;zufvnf;jzpf? aq;
q&m0efwpfOD;vnf;jzpfaom vkumu ol\EIwfcGef;qufojcif;udk aumavmoJ
toif;awmfodkYay;ydkYcJhonf/ a'ruvnf;toif;awmfudkEIefcGef;qufocJh
onf/ a'ronfaemufqHk;wGif &SifaygvkudkpGefYypfoGm;rnfhtaMumif;udk
2 wd 4;10 tm;jzihf uREfkyfwdkYem;vnfEkdifonf/ olonfþavmut&mudk
cspfaomaMumifh þodkYjyKvkyfcJhjcif;jzpfonf/
&Sifaygvku rdrd\EIefcGef;qufopum;udkvnf; avmud'dNrdKU&Sd toif;
awmftm;ay;ydkYcJhonf/ txl;ojzihfEHkz[kac:aomtrsdK;orD;udkEIwfqufcJh
onf/ EkHz\aetdrfwGiftoif;awmfwpfyg;vnf;&SdcJhonf/ &Sifaygvku
aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;tm; þpmapmifudkavmud'dtoif;oltoif;
om;rsm;vnf;od&SdzdkY olwdkYtm;vufqihfurf;zdkYajymcJhonf/ &Sifaygvku
avmud'dNrdKU&Sd toif;awmfzwf½IzdkY pmwpfapmifrdrda&;om;cJhaMumif;udkvnf;
ajymjycJhonf/ avmud'dNrdKU&Sdtoif;awmfxHodkY &Sifaygvka&;om;ay;ydkYcJhaom
pmapmifonf or®musrf;pmwGifryg0ifvmaomfvnf; 4if;onf&Sifaygvk
udk,fwkdifa&;om;cJhaompmjzpfonf/ &Sifaygvka&;cJhorQaompmtm;vHk;
or®musrf;pmwGifryg0ifEdkifMuyg/ odkYaomftvHk;pHkaomajzmihfrwfjcif;w&m;ü
uREfkyfwdkYudkoGefoifvrf;jyay;zdkY oihfavsmfudkufnDonf[k bk&m;ocifu ½Ijrif
aompmapmifrsm;omyg0ifonf (2wd 3;16-17)/
tcef;i,f 17 wGif &Sifaygvku aumavmoJtoif;awmftm;
tmcdyÜKudk bk&m;ocifxHrSvufcH&&SdcJhaomtrIawmfudk jynfhpHkatmifxrf;&Guf
oGm;zdkYajymay;Mu&efawmif;qdkcJhonf/ tmcdyÜKtaMumif;udk zdavrkefMo0g'pm
tcef;i,f 2 wGif uREfkyfwdkYzwf½I&onf/ tmcdyÜKrnfonfhtrIawmfudk xrf;
&GufaeaMumif; uREfkyfwdkYudkajymjyrxm;cJhyg/ olonftrIawmfü pdwf"gwf
usqif;aejcif;aum rjzpfEkdifaybl;vm;/ þae&mü&Sifaygvku olYtm;ajymjy
xm;csufonf tmcdyÜKtwGuf a&SUquf&efpdwfac:csufwpfckjzpfcJhEkdifayonf/
ed*Hk;csKyftaejzihf &Sifaygvkonf EIwfcGef;qufojcif;wpfckudk rdrdvuf
jzihfa&;í aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;tm;ay;ydkYcJhonf/ twGif;a&;rSL;wpfOD;
u &Sifaygvk\pmtrsm;pkudka&;om;ay;cJhaomfvnf; tcsdKUaomtajctae
rsm;wGif pmudkydkíyk*¾dKvfa&;qefvmapzdkY &Sifaygvku pum;vHk;tcsdKUudkrdrdvuf
jzihfa&;om;cJhonf/ rdrd\oHajcusif;cwftajctaeudk owd&MuzdkY &Sifaygvk
u aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;tm; awmif;qdkjcif;jzihf pmapmifudktqHk;owf
aemufqHk;EIwfcGef;qufjcif; 271
270 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
aumavmoJteD;0ef;usifwGifaexdkifcJhaom {yjzxHrS EIwfcGef;qufo
rIvnf;yg0ifvmonf/ olonf&Sifaygvktm;tusOf;axmifxJü ulnDyHhydk;ay;
zdkY aumavmoJNrdKUrSxGufvmcJholjzpfonf (aumavmoJ 1;7)/ xdkNrdKU&Sd
toif;awmfxJodkY rdrd\EIwfcGef;quforIudk ay;ydkYcJhonf/ {yjzonf
aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;twGuf txl;ojzihfqkawmif;jcif;wGif vHk;yef;aecJh
oljzpfonf/ ol\qkawmif;oHrSm þtoif;awmfonfbk&m;ocif\ tvdkawmf
xJü opöm&Sd&SdwnfwHhae&efjzpfonf/ ol\pdwfqE´rSm aumavmoJ,HkMunfol
rsm; rdrdwdkY\,HkMunfjcif;ü &ihfusufvmMuí pdwfcsrItjynfh&SdaeMu&efjzpf
onf/ &SifaygvkuaumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;tm; {yjzonf rdrd'ku©a&muf
aecsdefwGif tultnDay;jcif;jzifh 4if;wdkYtwGuftvkyfBudK;BudK;pm;pm;vkyfae
ygonf[k ajymcJhonf/
&Sifaygvk\ oufwrf;&Snfc&D;oGm;azmfoGm;zufvnf;jzpf? aq;
q&m0efwpfOD;vnf;jzpfaom vkumu ol\EIwfcGef;qufojcif;udk aumavmoJ
toif;awmfodkYay;ydkYcJhonf/ a'ruvnf;toif;awmfudkEIefcGef;qufocJh
onf/ a'ronfaemufqHk;wGif &SifaygvkudkpGefYypfoGm;rnfhtaMumif;udk
2 wd 4;10 tm;jzihf uREfkyfwdkYem;vnfEkdifonf/ olonfþavmut&mudk
cspfaomaMumifh þodkYjyKvkyfcJhjcif;jzpfonf/
&Sifaygvku rdrd\EIefcGef;qufopum;udkvnf; avmud'dNrdKU&Sd toif;
awmftm;ay;ydkYcJhonf/ txl;ojzihfEHkz[kac:aomtrsdK;orD;udkEIwfqufcJh
onf/ EkHz\aetdrfwGiftoif;awmfwpfyg;vnf;&SdcJhonf/ &Sifaygvku
aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;tm; þpmapmifudkavmud'dtoif;oltoif;
om;rsm;vnf;od&SdzdkY olwdkYtm;vufqihfurf;zdkYajymcJhonf/ &Sifaygvku
avmud'dNrdKU&Sd toif;awmfzwf½IzdkY pmwpfapmifrdrda&;om;cJhaMumif;udkvnf;
ajymjycJhonf/ avmud'dNrdKU&Sdtoif;awmfxHodkY &Sifaygvka&;om;ay;ydkYcJhaom
pmapmifonf or®musrf;pmwGifryg0ifvmaomfvnf; 4if;onf&Sifaygvk
udk,fwkdifa&;om;cJhaompmjzpfonf/ &Sifaygvka&;cJhorQaompmtm;vHk;
or®musrf;pmwGifryg0ifEdkifMuyg/ odkYaomftvHk;pHkaomajzmihfrwfjcif;w&m;ü
uREfkyfwdkYudkoGefoifvrf;jyay;zdkY oihfavsmfudkufnDonf[k bk&m;ocifu ½Ijrif
aompmapmifrsm;omyg0ifonf (2wd 3;16-17)/
tcef;i,f 17 wGif &Sifaygvku aumavmoJtoif;awmftm;
tmcdyÜKudk bk&m;ocifxHrSvufcH&&SdcJhaomtrIawmfudk jynfhpHkatmifxrf;&Guf
oGm;zdkYajymay;Mu&efawmif;qdkcJhonf/ tmcdyÜKtaMumif;udk zdavrkefMo0g'pm
tcef;i,f 2 wGif uREfkyfwdkYzwf½I&onf/ tmcdyÜKrnfonfhtrIawmfudk xrf;
&GufaeaMumif; uREfkyfwdkYudkajymjyrxm;cJhyg/ olonftrIawmfü pdwf"gwf
usqif;aejcif;aum rjzpfEkdifaybl;vm;/ þae&mü&Sifaygvku olYtm;ajymjy
xm;csufonf tmcdyÜKtwGuf a&SUquf&efpdwfac:csufwpfckjzpfcJhEkdifayonf/
ed*Hk;csKyftaejzihf &Sifaygvkonf EIwfcGef;qufojcif;wpfckudk rdrdvuf
jzihfa&;í aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;tm;ay;ydkYcJhonf/ twGif;a&;rSL;wpfOD;
u &Sifaygvk\pmtrsm;pkudka&;om;ay;cJhaomfvnf; tcsdKUaomtajctae
rsm;wGif pmudkydkíyk*¾dKvfa&;qefvmapzdkY &Sifaygvku pum;vHk;tcsdKUudkrdrdvuf
jzihfa&;om;cJhonf/ rdrd\oHajcusif;cwftajctaeudk owd&MuzdkY &Sifaygvk
u aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;tm; awmif;qdkjcif;jzihf pmapmifudktqHk;owf
aemufqHk;EIwfcGef;qufjcif; 271
270 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
xm;onf/ wpfenf;tm;jzihfqdk&vQif aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;qkawmif;
wkdif; &Sifaygvkudkbk&m;ocif\rsufarSmufawmfodkY xdkqkawmif;jcif;jzihf aqmif
,loGm;MuzdkYjzpfonf/
þt&mrsm;tm;vHk;wGif &Sifaygvkonftb,frQ yk*¾dKvfa&;qefonf
udk uREfkyfwdkYawGUjrifcJhMuonf/ olonfvlwkdif;udk4if;wdkY\ emrnftm;jzihf odae
cJhonf/ olonfaumavmoJNrdKUrS vlrsm;udkomodcJhonfr[kwf? oltrIawmf
xrf;cJhaomtjcm;t&yfa'orS vlrsm;udkvnf;odcJhygonf/ &SifaygvktwGuf
rSmrl olvkyfaeaomtrIawmfonf vlrsm;taMumif;omjzpfonf/ &Sifaygvk
jyKvkyfcJhaomtrIawmfonf toif;awmfrnfrQwnfaxmifol wnfaxmifcJh
onf[laomtaMumif;r[kwf? ppfrSefaomvlrsm;ESihf ppfrSefaomvdktyfcsuf
rsm;taMumif;jzpfonf/ uREfkyfwdkY\omoemvkyfief;rsm;wGifvnf; þt&mudk
owd&aeMuzdkYvdktyfonf/
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
·vlyk*¾dKvftoD;oD;tay:üxm;&Sdaom &Sifaygvk\pdk;&drfywfoufrI
taMumif;udk þtydkif;u uREfkyfwdkYtm;rnfodkYajymjyxm;ygoenf;/
·&Sifaygvkonf rdrd\vdktyfcsufxuftjcm;olrsm;\ vdktyfcsufudk
ydkípdk;&drfywfoufay;ygonf[k ajymEkdifygovm;/ &Sif;jyyg/
·&Sifaygvkonf twdwfrStrSm;rsm;udk vspfvsL½INyD;vltrsm;ESihf rdrd
qufqHa&;udka&SUqufEkdifonf[laomtcsufudk jyoaomtaxmuf
txm; þtcef;wGif&Sdygovm;/ þtaMumif;t&mESihfpyfvsOf;í
oihf&JU&yfwnfcsufutb,fenf;/
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
·yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;csifpDtwGufydkí pdk;&drfywfoufay;aompdwfESvHk;udk ay;
oem;zdkYbk&m;ocifxHüawmif;avQmufyg/
·oifh&JUvdktyfcsufrsm;ESihf oihf&JUjyóemrsm;udkom pOf;pm;awG;awm
wwfjcif;rS oihfudkvGwfajrmufapzdkYocifbk&m;udkawmif;avQmufyg/
oifhteD;tem;&Sdvlrsm;\vdktyfcsufrsm;udk awGUjrifEkdif&efrsufvHk;rsm;
udk zGihfay;zdkYocifbk&m;udkawmif;avQmufyg/
·oihf&JUomoemvkyfief;onf vludkOD;pm;ray;yJ? ta&twGufESihf tpD
tpOfrsm;udkom OD;pm;ay;cJhaomtcsdefrsm;twGuf cGihfvGwfay;zdkY ocif
bk&m;xHü awmif;avQmufyg/
aemufqHk;EIwfcGef;qufjcif; 273272 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
xm;onf/ wpfenf;tm;jzihfqdk&vQif aumavmoJ,HkMunfolrsm;qkawmif;
wkdif; &Sifaygvkudkbk&m;ocif\rsufarSmufawmfodkY xdkqkawmif;jcif;jzihf aqmif
,loGm;MuzdkYjzpfonf/
þt&mrsm;tm;vHk;wGif &Sifaygvkonftb,frQ yk*¾dKvfa&;qefonf
udk uREfkyfwdkYawGUjrifcJhMuonf/ olonfvlwkdif;udk4if;wdkY\ emrnftm;jzihf odae
cJhonf/ olonfaumavmoJNrdKUrS vlrsm;udkomodcJhonfr[kwf? oltrIawmf
xrf;cJhaomtjcm;t&yfa'orS vlrsm;udkvnf;odcJhygonf/ &SifaygvktwGuf
rSmrl olvkyfaeaomtrIawmfonf vlrsm;taMumif;omjzpfonf/ &Sifaygvk
jyKvkyfcJhaomtrIawmfonf toif;awmfrnfrQwnfaxmifol wnfaxmifcJh
onf[laomtaMumif;r[kwf? ppfrSefaomvlrsm;ESihf ppfrSefaomvdktyfcsuf
rsm;taMumif;jzpfonf/ uREfkyfwdkY\omoemvkyfief;rsm;wGifvnf; þt&mudk
owd&aeMuzdkYvdktyfonf/
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&eftcsufrsm;
·vlyk*¾dKvftoD;oD;tay:üxm;&Sdaom &Sifaygvk\pdk;&drfywfoufrI
taMumif;udk þtydkif;u uREfkyfwdkYtm;rnfodkYajymjyxm;ygoenf;/
·&Sifaygvkonf rdrd\vdktyfcsufxuftjcm;olrsm;\ vdktyfcsufudk
ydkípdk;&drfywfoufay;ygonf[k ajymEkdifygovm;/ &Sif;jyyg/
·&Sifaygvkonf twdwfrStrSm;rsm;udk vspfvsL½INyD;vltrsm;ESihf rdrd
qufqHa&;udka&SUqufEkdifonf[laomtcsufudk jyoaomtaxmuf
txm; þtcef;wGif&Sdygovm;/ þtaMumif;t&mESihfpyfvsOf;í
oihf&JU&yfwnfcsufutb,fenf;/
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
qkawmif;&eftcsufrsm;
·yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;csifpDtwGufydkí pdk;&drfywfoufay;aompdwfESvHk;udk ay;
oem;zdkYbk&m;ocifxHüawmif;avQmufyg/
·oifh&JUvdktyfcsufrsm;ESihf oihf&JUjyóemrsm;udkom pOf;pm;awG;awm
wwfjcif;rS oihfudkvGwfajrmufapzdkYocifbk&m;udkawmif;avQmufyg/
oifhteD;tem;&Sdvlrsm;\vdktyfcsufrsm;udk awGUjrifEkdif&efrsufvHk;rsm;
udk zGihfay;zdkYocifbk&m;udkawmif;avQmufyg/
·oihf&JUomoemvkyfief;onf vludkOD;pm;ray;yJ? ta&twGufESihf tpD
tpOfrsm;udkom OD;pm;ay;cJhaomtcsdefrsm;twGuf cGihfvGwfay;zdkY ocif
bk&m;xHü awmif;avQmufyg/
aemufqHk;EIwfcGef;qufjcif; 273272 zdvdyÜd ESifh aumavmoJMo0g'pm
